The Characterization of Anatomical Indices of Seed Coat Formation of Diploid and Tetraploid Representatives of the Genus Gossypium L

The biomorphological and genetic diversity of cotton that exists in nature includes about 50 species belonging to the genus Gossypium L. of the family Malvaceae Juss. Many of its representatives, and especially wild ones, are carriers of valuable traits and biological properties, but due to a number of objective reasons, they are little used in practical breeding. Of all the diversity, only some representatives of diploid species - G. herbaceum L., G. arboreum L. and tetraploid - G. hirsutum L., G. barbadense L. are used in culture and have become widespread. In modern breeding programs, much attention is paid to a comprehensive study and selection of source material. A large and valuable contribution, along with others, is made by morphological and anatomical methods for studying the vegetative and generative organs of cotton. The seed coat plays an important biological role during its germination, performs the functions of protecting the embryo, maintaining its viability, and also contains a number of valuable chemicals used in the national economy. The structure of the peel of the mature seed of wild-growing species, varieties and cultivated representatives has been studied quite fully, but its development in the process of seed maturation has been studied very little. The article presents the results of anatomical studies of the structure of the peel of ovules of different ages and mature seeds of wild and cultivated representatives of the cotton plant Gossypium L. A total of 16 diploid subspecies were studied. A comparative analysis of indicators of the structure and rate of formation of the integumentary layers of the seed coat was carried out to identify both distinctive and common features in wild and cultivated representatives of the genus Gossypium L. Diagnostically significant features were also identified. in the structure of the seed coat. In particular, the structural features of the hardness (strength) of the seed coat of the studied representatives were determined, which correlate with precocity and contamination of the fiber, which are of interest for genetic breeding work. And the level of development and systematic position of individual representatives of the genus Gossypium L.

Перевод пока недоступен