THEORIES OF CAUSATION IN CRIMINAL LAW AND THEIR PROBLEMS

The article widely uses logical, inductive, deductive, systematic, logical-legal, comparative-legal research methods. In particular, it was noted that the issue of causation in the institutions of general and special parts of criminal law is very complicated and there are many problems with it. In the theory of criminal law, scientists put forward eleven theories of causation in their scientific works, and the content of the most important of them is analyzed in this article, as well as specific shortcomings of theories of causation are recognized. The scientific views and researches of scientists regarding the theories of causation in criminal law, the similarities and differences between them are described in detail. At the same time, two of the theories of causation in foreign criminal law are widely used: the theory of equivalence and adequacy, and among them: the first contains the necessary conditions ("conditio sine qua non" - "there is no condition without a necessary condition..."), and the second is adequate( exactly the same, equal, suitable) are stated to represent conditions. Also, the legal nature of eleven theories of causation in the theory of criminal law, their specific rules are comparatively analyzed, their problematic aspects are identified and sequentially described. This article focuses on eleven theories of causation in criminal law theory and provides an instrumental and comparative analysis of their intertwined provisions. Also, out of the eleven theories of causation, the theory of direct causation was found to be the most widely used. At the same time, the doctrine of criminal law and existing scientific research were analyzed, and reasonable theoretical recommendations were developed in this regard.

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