Inorganic Compounds as Scale Inhibitors

The inorganic compounds were employed to maximally stop the scaling processes inside metal pipes. The scaling attacks of ions, such as calcium, magnesium, and others, were neutralized by the presence of anti-scaling corrosion inhibitors. The polyphosphate-based inorganic compounds were used as scale inhibitors in the membrane separation. In this technique, the growth of CaCO 3 crystals and depositions were blocked by the polyphosphate-based inorganic compounds. In the gas, oil, and petroleum industries, phosphonate-based inorganic compounds were employed as scale inhibitors. The bisphosphonate-based inorganic compounds contained two phosphonate functional groups (–C-(PO 3 H 2 ) 2 ). The rise of phosphonate functional groups increases the anti-scaling properties of compounds. For instance, the 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP) was suggested to be used as an anti-scaling agent in the petrochemical industry.

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