PRECINCTION, ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS OF ORAL DISEASES IN PATIENTS ON HEMODIALYSIS

Introduction: Hemodialysis (HD) is one of the primary treatment methods for patients with end-stage renal disease. While this procedure aims to improve patients' quality of life, long-term hemodialysis may lead to various pathological changes in the oral cavity. Objective: To determine the prevalence of oral cavity diseases in hemodialysis patients, analyze the pathogenesis of these conditions. Materials and Methods: The study included 158 patients. Among them, 108 were undergoing hemodialysis, 30 had chronic kidney disease but were not receiving HD, and 30 healthy individuals served as the control group. The dental status of patients was assessed using clinical and laboratory analyses. Results and Discussion: The study results showed that 70% of hemodialysis patients exhibited oral diseases. In particular, a high prevalence of xerostomia (dry mouth syndrome), gingivitis, stomatitis, and mucositis was identified. Uremic toxins and electrolyte imbalances were the primary contributing factors to the development of these pathological conditions. Conclusion: A high incidence of oral cavity diseases was observed among hemodialysis patients. The development of individualized dental care programs for these patients is essential. Additionally, ensuring proper hydration and recommending the use of antiseptic mouth rinses are of significant importance.

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