Effect of Main Components of Resin on Properties of Urea‐Formaldehyde Resins and Isocyanate‐Based Adhesives

ABSTRACT Against the background of increasingly stringent performance requirements for wood‐based panel products, modifying the properties of traditional resins with biomass materials remains an important research area that is closer to practical applications. This study investigates the effects of the main components of resin (abietic acid, α‐pinene, β‐pinene, and longifolene) on the properties of urea‐formaldehyde (UF) resins and isocyanate‐based adhesives (pMDI). By analyzing the effects of different resin compositions on the physical and chemical properties of adhesives, it was found that abietic acid could significantly improve the viscosity, curing time, and thermal stability of adhesives through chemical reaction, while α‐pinene, β‐pinene, and longifolene mainly affected the adhesive properties through physical action. The results showed that the addition of abietic acid in the right amount could improve the gluing strength and thermal stability. Specifically, the gluing strength was increased by 14.6% at 0.5% abietic acid addition compared to that without abietic acid addition. In addition, the resin composition had a significant effect on the penetration distribution of the adhesive and the interfacial wettability of the wood, which further affected the bonding performance. These findings provide theoretical support for optimizing the performance of wood adhesives.

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