FUNCTIONS, SYSTEM, METHODS OF CRIMINALISTICS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH LEGAL AND OTHER SCIENCES

This article offers a comprehensive criminological and methodological examination of criminalistics as an independent scientific discipline within the legal system. The study analyzes the functional essence of criminalistics, its structural organization, methodological foundations, and interdisciplinary connections with legal, natural, technical, and social sciences. Emphasis is placed on the evolving role of criminalistics in modern investigative practice, including the identification, reconstruction, and interpretation of criminal activity through scientific techniques. The article synthesizes theoretical developments, comparative perspectives, and practical approaches to reveal how criminalistics contributes to evidence-based justice. Prevention, detection, and investigation of crimes depend heavily on advanced criminalistic methods, integration of technological innovations, and systematic cooperation across scientific fields.

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