MENTAL DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS
Аннотация
Relevance. The problem of tuberculosis, as an infectious disease, does not lose its heart against the background of a widespread decrease in tuberculosis. The results of the study indicate the development of borderline mental disorders in patients with tuberculosis after diagnosis, the elimination of which will help increase the effectiveness of complex treatment of tuberculosis. Purpose of the study. Before the end of the second month of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy, we set ourselves the goal of analyzing the development of observed mental disorders in patients of different ages with newly diagnosed tuberculosis, as well as comparing the obtained results with the control group of healthy people. Materials and methods of the study. The study involved 120 patients who were first diagnosed with tuberculosis. 78 of the patients were male and 42 were female. The control group consisted of relatively healthy people who regularly visited polyclinics, namely 135 men and 45 women. The study was conducted using the method of differential diagnosis of depressive states by V. Zung, adapted by T.I. Balashova. The study was conducted in outpatient and inpatient settings with the participation of patients with depression of mental or organic origin. Research results. Neurogenic mild depression was observed in 18 (23,1%) men and 14 (33,3%) women. A masked depression was observed in 5 (6,4%) men and 8 (19,04%) women. Such people are chronically tired, sleep poorly at night and are excessively sleepy during the day, their memory deteriorates sharply, and they have difficulty concentrating on a particular type of activity. Despite the relatively low percentage of patients in this category, close supervision by a doctor is required. Such individuals experience such conditions as a state of constant depression, a slowdown in mental and labor activity, somatoneurological disorders, a decrease in life needs, a pessimistic assessment of oneself and its place in the surrounding reality. Conclusion. To identify patients in need of measures to improve their mental state, as well as patients with tuberculosis for the first time, the V. Zung method of differential diagnosis of depressive states, adapted by T. I. Balashova, can be used. In the majority of patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis, depressive disorders were not detected by the end of the second month of chemotherapy. As a result of the study, it was found that patients with tuberculosis diagnosed for the first time experience mild depression more often than healthy people. Therefore, psychological and even some medical care specially organized to overcome depressive tendencies of different degrees may be needed at the end of the second month of chemotherapy for patients diagnosed with tuberculosis for the first time.