EARLY PREDICTION AND PREVENTION OF PLACENTAL DYSFUNCTION RISK IN PRIMIPAROUS WOMEN (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Resume. Placental dysfunction (PD) is one of the main causes of preeclampsia (PE), fetal growth restriction (FGR/SGA), preterm birth, as well as perinatal morbidity and mortality. According to analytical sources and clinical guidelines, impaired placental blood flow may account for 10–15% of complicated pregnancies. This underscores the necessity of identifying high-risk groups during the early stages of pregnancy (first–second trimester) . A first pregnancy itself is an independent risk factor for preeclampsia and placental dysfunction. Studies indicate that the risk of developing preeclampsia in primiparous women is 2–2.5 times higher than in women with subsequent pregnancies. This has been confirmed by large-scale epidemiological studies. Therefore, early risk assessment and monitoring in first-time mothers are scientifically justified. Keywords: Placental dysfunction, preeclampsia, FGR/SGA, preterm birth, perinatal mortality, primiparous women

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