THE ACTIONS OF SOVIET POLICY TOWARD THE MUSLIM POPULATION: HISTORICAL STAGES

This article examines the historical development of the Soviet government’s policies toward the Muslim population in Central Asia, with a focus on Uzbekistan during the early Soviet period and the 1930s. It analyzes the socio-political and ideological measures implemented by the Soviet authorities, including religious persecution, suppression of clergy, closure of mosques and madrasas, and the imposition of Marxist ideology. The study highlights the staged approach of the Soviet regime, from early decrees separating religion from the state to the violent campaigns of 1937–1938, which targeted religious leaders and believers under the guise of counter-revolutionary activity. Despite these repressions, Islamic faith and practices persisted among the population, reflecting the resilience and adaptability of local communities. The article demonstrates how Soviet anti-religious policies reshaped social, cultural, and spiritual life in Uzbekistan, leaving long-lasting consequences for society.

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