ОРТОКЕРАТОЛОГИЯ КАК МЕТОД КОНТРОЛЯ МИОПИИ: КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ И БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ

Relevance. In recent decades, there has been a significant increase in cases of myopia, especially among children and adolescents. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), by 2050, approximately half of the world’s population may suffer from myopia. Purpose of the study. To examine the mechanisms of action of orthokeratological lenses, which are based on controlled changes in the shape of the cornea for temporary correction of refractive errors, as well as to study their effectiveness and safety of use. Material and methods of research. This paper presents an analysis of international studies dedicated to the effectiveness of orthokeratological lenses in controlling myopia and their impact on the clinical and functional indicators of the visual system. The study covers the clinical advantages of orthokeratology, such as slowing the progression of myopia, the absence of the need for daytime optical correction, and a reduction in the risk of dry eye syndrome. Indications and contraindications for the use of orthokeratological lenses are discussed, as well as possible complications, including bacterial keratitis and corneal epithelialopathy. Data on the frequency and mechanisms ofcomplications, based on long-term research results, are provided, along with recommendations for maintaining hygiene and preventing infectious risks. Results and conclusion. Orthokeratology is particularly relevant for children and adolescents, in whom myopia can progress rapidly. Studies show that regular use of orthokeratological lenses helps slow down the increase in axial length of the eyeball. Additionally, patients report an improvement in quality of life due to freedom from glasses and contact lenses during the day. This is especially important for individuals leading an active lifestyle. Further research is aimed at improving lens materials and enhancing their design, which will increase the safety and effectiveness of the method.

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