Optical Sensor Networks for Precision Agriculture: High-Speed Data Transmission and Remote Crop Monitoring

Precision agriculture is more and more relying on the dense sensing and an immediate analytics to streamline irrigation, application of fertilizers, and diseases. Our suggested optical sensor network (OSN) architecture provides an integration of a fiber-based distributed sensors network with high-speed WDMPON/RoF transport and edge/cloud analytics. We demonstrate that sub-millisecond per-hop latencies, reduced energy-per-bit at upper sampling rates, and robust, non-invasive crop early warning by using optical spectroscopy, hyperspectral/ thermal UAV, and OPTRAM-based soil-moisture retrieval are all possible using field inspired simulations and models based on literature. Findings are reflected by current developments in SAR/optical fusion and UAV electro-optical systems of crop mapping and stress sensing, with future scalable, dual-purpose (sensing + transport) agricultural photonic infrastructure

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