Monte Carlo Simulation Study of Solar Pumped Ce:Cr:Nd:YAG Laser

The potential of a triple-doped Ce:Cr:Nd:YAG active medium to improve the efficiency of solar lasers was investigated using Monte Carlo photon tracing simulations. To more accurately assess the capabilities of this active medium, simulations were also performed for Nd:YAG, Ce:Nd:YAG, Cr:Nd:YAG active media and the results were compared. It was found that the temperature of the Nd:YAG, Ce:Nd:YAG, Cr:Nd:YAG and Ce:Cr:Nd:YAG active media with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 30 mm in the same concentrator significantly affected the laser output power, sometimes leading to cracking. In order to reduce the temperature effect, each of these active media was replaced with a multi-rod (seven-rod) configuration and their operation in a solar laser was tested using simulation methods. According to the results, an increase in the laser output power was observed in each active element. This can be attributed to the decrease in temperature as a result of the improved absorption distribution and cooling efficiency. In the seven-rod configuration, thermal stress was reduced with decreasing temperature, so no cracking was observed in any active medium at 3 kW pump power. The highest efficiency was achieved with the Ce:Cr:Nd:YAG active medium, which provided a solar-to-laser power conversion efficiency of 10.2% and a slope efficiency of 11.87%.

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