Green Deep Eutectic Solvents in Catalysis

Deep eutectic solvents (DES) have emerged as a promising class of green solvents that align with the principles of green chemistry and sustainable catalysis. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of DES, highlighting their unique properties, such as low toxicity, biodegradability, and tunable physicochemical characteristics. The applications of DES in various catalytic processes are explored, including homogeneous catalysis, heterogeneous catalysis, biocatalysis, photocatalysis, and electrocatalysis. Mechanistic insights are discussed to understand how DES influence reaction pathways, stabilize catalysts, and enhance reaction efficiencies. Challenges such as viscosity issues, compatibility with existing catalytic systems, and regulatory hurdles are also addressed. Future perspectives emphasize the development of tailored DES for specific catalytic applications, integration with renewable resources, and the potential for industrial scale-up. The chapter underscores the significant role of DES in advancing sustainable and environmentally friendly catalytic processes.

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