Plasma Activated Water: An Environmentally Friendly Way for the Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles to Inhibition of Virulence Factors of Pathogenic Bacteria

ABSTRACT In recent decades, researchers have been developing attractive nanostructures to reveal the promise of nanomaterial in environmental, biomedical, and energy applications. The plasma‐activated water method produces charged particles and reactive species, such as reactive nitrogen and oxygen, which may be used to synthesise biologically significant nanomaterials. This study discussed synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) by environmentally friendly way, and studied the impact of ZnO NPs inhibit the production of many virulence factors. An excellent crystalline structure free of impurity traces is shown by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The wurtzite hexagonal system structure of ZnO NPs has been observed, with average crystallite sizes of 21.85. The presence of Zn and O was verified by EDX analysis, indicating that the material was synthesized in high purity. Furthermore, FE‐SEM images of produced samples indicate the spherical form and average diameter of 48 nm. Analysis of optical characteristics reveals that ZnO nanoparticles have a noticeable peak at 297 nm, indicating strong absorption in this wavelength range, with an energy gap of 3.7 eV. Zeta potential examinations indicate good colloidal stability. The findings revealed that the ZnO NPs had an influence on inhibiting pyocyanin production, swarming motility, and prodigiosin production.

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