THE DECLINE OF THE INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION AND ITS HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE

This article analyzes the causes of the decline of the Indus Valley Civilization and its historical significance on a scientific basis. The study examines the socio-economic and natural factors that occurred in the mid-second millennium BCE, including climate change, shifts in river courses, the weakening of trade relations, and internal crisis processes. It also highlights the gradual disintegration of the civilization and the migration of its population. The article emphasizes the role of the Indus Valley Civilization in world history, particularly its achievements in urban planning, handicrafts, irrigation systems, and cultural heritage. It is scientifically substantiated that this civilization had a significant influence on the later development of Indian culture and social progress. The research results contribute to a deeper understanding of both the causes of the civilization’s decline and its historical importance in human history.

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