PHYSIOLOGICAL REGULATION OF THE HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY SYSTEM AND ENDOCRINE GLAND ACTIVITY: MODERN THEORETICAL VIEWS

This article presents a functional analysis of the central and peripheral endocrine mechanisms that ensure homeostasis in the human body. The primary aim of the study is to elucidate the leading role of the hypothalamic-pituitary system in regulating the activity of peripheral glands — the thyroid and parathyroid glands, as well as the involvement of the adrenal glands in the physiology of arterial pressure. The article analyzes the histological structure of endocrine glands, hormonal secretion processes, and their impact on calcium-phosphorus metabolism in blood serum and metabolic processes based on modern physiological views. The research findings are of significant importance for the early diagnosis of clinical manifestations of endocrine system disorders and the understanding of physiological regulation mechanisms.

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