CORRELATION BETWEEN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES AND PERIODONTITIS

Recent advances in biomedical research have established a substantial association between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) [1,2]. Periodontitis, recognized as a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting tissues of the teeth, has been increasingly implicated in the development of systemic inflammatory responses that adversely influence cardiovascular health [3,4]. Accumulating clinical evidence suggests that individuals with severe periodontal disease frequently exhibit significantly elevated serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), often reaching two- to three-fold higher concentrations compared with healthy subjects [5,6]. Elevated CRP has been widely acknowledged as an independent predictor of atherosclerotic progression and adverse coronary events [4]. Moreover, inflammatory mediators and bacterial endotoxins originating from periodontal lesions may disseminate through systemic circulation, thereby contributing to endothelial dysfunction and promoting atherogenesis [7,8]. Periodontal pathogens have also been associated with transient bacteremia, platelet activation, and thrombotic processes, further supporting the biological relationship between oral and cardiovascular diseases [12].

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