Effects of Intradialytic Exercise on Cardiac Biomarkers in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis

Cardiovascular complications remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease receiving maintenance hemodialysis. Elevated cardiac biomarkers, including troponin and N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), are associated with subclinical myocardial injury and poor cardiovascular outcomes. Intradialytic physical exercise has recently gained attention as a potential non-pharmacological strategy for improving cardiovascular health in hemodialysis patients.

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