New methods for the removal of heavy metals from mine waters using the electrical discharge oxidation method

Abstract This article comprehensively investigates the efficiency, selectivity, and industrial applicability of the electrical discharge oxidation method for the removal of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Ni) from mine waters. Laboratory tests showed that maintaining the discharge voltage within the range of 15 – 20 kV reduced Pb concentration by 90%, Cd by 72 – 75%, and Zn by approximately 70%. The effect of temperature was also evident: increasing the water temperature from 20 °C to 30 °C enhanced Pb removal efficiency from 75% to 90%. These phenomena confirmed the validity of the kinetic equations and the Arrhenius model. Industrial-scale trials revealed that electrode wear is the main limiting factor, increasing operating costs by 20 – 25%. However, graphite electrodes demonstrated greater durability compared to stainless steel, ensuring longer operational stability. A hybrid approach combining activated carbon adsorption with electrical discharge oxidation improved efficiency by 10 – 12%, while fiber-optic sensors enhanced real-time monitoring under continuous flow conditions. Overall, the results demonstrated that the electrical discharge oxidation method is more efficient and environmentally safe than conventional techniques for heavy metal removal. In addition, this method shows great potential for adaptation on an industrial scale, however, further research is needed.

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