Epidemiological Surveillance of Measles and Rubella in Uzbekistan

Measles and rubella remain among the most important vaccine-preventable viral infections worldwide despite significant progress in immunization programs. Epidemiological surveillance is a critical component in controlling outbreaks, monitoring disease transmission, and achieving elimination targets. Uzbekistan has implemented comprehensive surveillance systems for measles and rubella in accordance with recommendations of the World Health Organization. The country achieved measles and rubella elimination status in 2017 due to successful vaccination campaigns and enhanced epidemiological monitoring. However, recent increases in measles incidence in Central Asia and neighboring countries have created new epidemiological challenges. This article analyzes the current system of epidemiological surveillance of measles and rubella in Uzbekistan, including laboratory diagnostics, case reporting, immunization strategies, outbreak investigation, and preventive measures. The paper also discusses the role of vaccination coverage, population immunity, molecular epidemiology, and international cooperation in maintaining disease control. Modern surveillance approaches, including laboratory confirmation, integrated information systems, and rapid response mechanisms, are examined in detail. Strengthening immunization programs and improving public awareness remain essential for preventing future outbreaks and sustaining elimination goals.

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