Development and Characterization of Buccal Tablets of Metformin Hydrochloride Using Mucoadhesive Polymers

The present study was aimed at the development and characterization of mucoadhesive buccal tablets of Metformin Hydrochloride using different mucoadhesive polymers to achieve sustained drug release and improved patient compliance. Buccal tablets were prepared by direct compression method employing hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC K4M), carbopol 934P, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and polyvinylpyrrolidone as mucoadhesive polymers. The prepared formulations were evaluated for precompression parameters including angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Carr's index, and Hausner ratio. Post-compression evaluation included hardness, friability, thickness, weight variation, drug content uniformity, surface pH, swelling index, mucoadhesive strength, and in vitro drug release study. The results demonstrated that all formulations possessed satisfactory flow properties and complied with pharmacopoeial limits for physicochemical parameters. The surface pH values were found near neutral, indicating compatibility with buccal mucosa. Swelling index and mucoadhesive strength increased with increasing polymer concentration. In vitro drug release studies revealed sustained release behavior of metformin hydrochloride over an extended period. Among all formulations, formulation F5 exhibited optimum mucoadhesive properties and prolonged drug release profile due to higher polymer concentration. The study concluded that mucoadhesive buccal tablets of metformin hydrochloride could be considered a promising alternative to conventional oral dosage forms for sustained drug delivery and improved therapeutic efficacy in the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

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