The Impact of Government Subsidies on the Adoption of Sustainable Farming Practices and Their Long-Term Effects on Rural-Agricultural Economic Development Practices
Аннотация
The study proves the importance of smart farming (SF) practices in addressing environmental changes (EC) and helping sustainable agriculture (SA). It investigates the effects of government subsidies (GS), farmer awareness (FA), and market access (MA) on SF adoption in Bihar, India, utilizing data from 582 farmers in five distinct regions. The research employs structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze relationships among GS factors like farm size (FS), water resource management (WRM), soil quality (SQ), SF adoption, and the impact of FA and MA on financial outcomes. Results highlight that GS provides direct and indirect benefits for SF practices, particularly when FA is increased. GS impacts SF through an indirect pathway (GS → FA → SF) and proves a direct effect on SF adoption, with MA acting as a mediator. The findings indicate that SF adoption critically supports rural GDP growth and emphasize the importance of research and development for economic advantages. Also, SQ and WRM are very important to the adoption method. Farmers who practice SA are predicted to make more cash flow by having better market access, which is good for the sustainable environment. The model's validity is validated by fit measures, indicating robust results.