MIGRATION OF HIGHLY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL AS A FACTOR OF MODELING HUMAN CAPITAL

The article examines the migration of highly qualified personnel as a key factor determining the dynamics of human capital in the countries of origin and destination. The relevance of the study is due to the rapid growth of international talent mobility, especially in the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM specialists), as well as the contradictory consequences of this process for the economic development of countries. On the one hand, brain drain leads to human capital losses in developing countries, slowing down their economic growth and innovative development. On the other hand, the emigration of qualified specialists can create incentives for the accumulation of human capital in the countries of origin, increasing the expected return on education. The purpose of the work is a systematic analysis of existing theoretical and empirical approaches to modeling the relationship between migration of highly qualified personnel and human capital, as well as the development of methodological foundations for assessing the impact of these migration flows on regional and national economies. The methodological basis of the research includes the analysis of endogenous models of economic growth, threshold models of migration of human capital, gravity models of migration flows and methods of micromodeling. Based on the analysis, conclusions are drawn about the need for comprehensive modeling that takes into account both the macroeconomic and microeconomic factors of migration of highly qualified personnel, as well as the institutional characteristics of the countries of origin and destination.

Перевод пока недоступен