Статья

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1)

X. XuUniversity of Southern CaliforniaR. ChenDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of California IrvineT. LiDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of California IrvineAsantha CoorayDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of California IrvineS. SchuldtINAF-IASF MilanoJ.A. Acevedo BarrosoJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of TechnologyDaniel SternJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of TechnologyD. ScottDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of British ColumbiaM. MeneghettiINFN-Sezione di BolognaG. DespaliDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Augusto Righi” – Alma Mater Studiorum Università di BolognaJ. ChopraDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of California IrvineCao YeDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of California IrvineM. ChengDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of California IrvineJ. BudaDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of California IrvineJ. ZhangDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of California IrvineJ. FurumizoDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of California IrvineR. ValenciaDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of California IrvineZ. JiangUniversity of Southern CaliforniaC. TortoraINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di CapodimonteN.E.P. LinesInstitute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of PortsmouthThomas E. CollettInstitute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of PortsmouthS. FotopoulouSchool of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of BristolA. GalanTechnical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics DepartmentA. Manjón-GarcíaDepartamento Física Aplicada, Universidad Politécnica de CartagenaR. GavazziSorbonne UniversitéL. IwamotoCenter for Astrophysics | Harvard & SmithsonianSandor KrukESAC/ESAMartin MillonLaboratoire de Physique ThéoriqueP. NugentLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryChristoph SaulderMax Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial PhysicsDominique SluseSTAR Institute, University of Liège, Quartier AgoraJ. WildeInstitut de Ciències del Cosmos (ICCUB), Universitat de Barcelona (IEEC-UB)Mike WalmsleyJodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of ManchesterF. CourbinInstitut de Ciencies de l’Espai (IEEC-CSIC)R. B. MetcalfINAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di BolognaB. AltieriESAC/ESAA. AmaraSchool of Mathematics and Physics, University of SurreyS. AndreonINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di BreraN. AuricchioINAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di BolognaC. BaccigalupiIFPU, Institute for Fundamental Physics of the UniverseMarco BaldiINAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di BolognaA. BalestraINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di PadovaS. BardelliINAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di BolognaP. BattagliaINAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di BolognaR. BenderMax Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial PhysicsA. BivianoINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di TriesteE. BranchiniDipartimento di Fisica, Università di GenovaM. BresciaINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di CapodimonteS. CameraDipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di TorinoV. CapobiancoINAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di TorinoV. F. CardoneINAF-IASF MilanoV. F. CardoneINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di RomaJ. CarreteroPort d’Informació CientíficaSantiago CasasDeutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)M. CastellanoINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di RomaG. CastignaniINAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di BolognaS. CavuotiINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di CapodimonteA. CimattiDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Augusto Righi” – Alma Mater Studiorum Università di BolognaC. Colodro-CondeInstituto de Astrofísica de CanariasG. CongedoInstitute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal ObservatoryChristopher J. ConseliceJodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of ManchesterL. ConversiEuropean Space Research InstituteY. CopinCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueH. M. CourtoisCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueM. CropperMullard Space Science Laboratory, University College LondonA. Da SilvaDepartamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de LisboaH. DegaudenziDepartment of Astronomy, University of GenevaG. De LuciaINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di TriesteC. DoldingMullard Space Science Laboratory, University College LondonH. DoleInstitut d'Astrophysique SpatialeF. DubathDepartment of Astronomy, University of GenevaX. DupacESAC/ESAS. DusiniINFN-PadovaS. EscoffierCentre de physique des particules de MarseilleM. FarinaINAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia SpazialiR. FarinelliINAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di BolognaS. FarrensUniversité Paris-SaclayS. FerriolCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueF. Finelli⋆INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di BolognaP. FosalbaInstitut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Edifici RDIT, Campus UPCM. FrailisINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di TriesteE. FranceschiINAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di BolognaM. FumanaINAF-IASF MilanoS. GaleottaINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di TriesteKoshy GeorgeUniversity Observatory, LMU Faculty of PhysicsW. GillardAix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPMB. GillisInstitute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal ObservatoryC. GiocoliINAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di BolognaP. Gómez-AlvarezESAC/ESAJ. Gracia-CarpioMax Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial PhysicsA. GrazianINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di PadovaF. GruppMax Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial PhysicsS. V. H. HauganInstitute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of OsloW. HolmesJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of TechnologyF. HormuthFelix Hormuth EngineeringA. HornstrupTechnical University of DenmarkK. JahnkęMax-Planck-Institut für AstronomieM. JhabvalaNASA Goddard Space Flight CenterB. JoachimiDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University College LondonS. KermicheAix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM

2026

ABI

Аннотация

We present an end-to-end, iterative pipeline for efficient identification of strong galaxy-galaxy lensing systems, applied to the Euclid Q1 imaging data. Starting from the VIS catalogues, we rejected point sources, applied a magnitude cut ( I E ≤ 24) on the deflectors, and ran a pixel-level artefact-and-noise filter to build 96 × 96 pixel cutouts. The VIS+NISP colour composites were constructed with a VIS-anchored luminance scheme that preserves VIS morphology and NISP colour contrast. A VIS-only seed classifier supplies clear positives and typical impostors, which we used to curate a morphology-balanced negative set and augment scarce positives. Among the six compact convolutional neural networks (CNNs) that had been studied initially, the modified VGG16 (GlobalAveragePooling + 256/128 dense layers with the last nine layers trainable) exhibited the best performance. In our run, the training set grew from 27 seed lenses (augmented 67× to 1809) plus 2000 negatives to a colour dataset of 30 686 images. After three rounds of iterative fine-tuning, a human grading of the top 4000 candidates ranked by the final model yielded 441 Grade A/B candidate lensing systems, including 311 overlapping with the existing Q1 strong-lens catalogue, and 130 additional A/B candidates (9 As and 121 Bs) not previously reported. Independently, the model recovered 740 out of 905 (81.8%) candidate Q1 lenses within its top 20 000 predictions, considering off-centred samples. Candidates span I E ≃ 17–24 AB mag (median 21.3 AB mag) and are redder in Y E − H E than the parent population, consistent with massive early-type deflectors. Each training iteration required about a week for a small team and the approach can easily be scaled to future wide-area Euclid releases. Subsequent works will focus on calibrating the selection function via lens injection, extending recall through uncertainty-aware active learning, and exploring multi-scale or attention-based neural networks with fast post hoc vetters that incorporate lens models into the classification.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202660307

Цитирования и источники

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