Статья

Advanced cathode engineering in sodium-ion batteries: doping, phase, and interface modulation from layer oxides to polyanionics

Waed AlahmadFaculty of Science, Department of Chemistry , Applied Science Private University , Amman , JordanShavkat TursunovDepartment of Metrology and Materials Engineering , Karshi State Technical University , Karshi , UzbekistanShahab KhanDepartment of Chemistry , University of Malakand , Malakand , KPK , PakistanAsadullahSchool of Chemical Engineering , Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology , 111 University Avenue , Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 , ThailandG. PadmaPriyaDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences , JAIN (Deemed to Be University) , Bangalore , Karnataka , IndiaRahul SaxenaDepartment of Biochemistry , Sharda University , Knowledge Park III , Greater Noida , IndiaRuchi BhartiDepartment of Chemistry , University Institute of Sciences, Chandigarh University , Mohali , Punjab , IndiaAzimov NavruzbekUniversity of Tashkent for Applied Sciences , Gavhar Str. 1 , Tashkent 100149 , UzbekistanRasulbek Jumyazovich EshmetovAseel SmeratHourani Center for Applied Scientific Research , Al-Ahliyya Amman University , Amman 19328 , JordanSaidmurodova NilufarDepartment of Simulation Training , Tashkent State Medical University, Clinical Modeling, Stomatology, Children’s Stomatology , Tashkent , UzbekistanKhalifa PaluanovaUzbekistan State World Languages University , Tashkent , Uzbekistan

2026en

ABI

Аннотация

Abstract Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted significant attention as viable alternatives to lithium-ion batteries; however, their practical advancement remains limited by cathode-related challenges, including sluggish Na + diffusion, structural degradation, and rapid capacity decay at high rates. This review highlights recent progress in cathode engineering strategies aimed at overcoming these limitations. Advanced approaches, including high-entropy design, multiphase construction, surface modification, defect regulation, and multi-element doping, have been explored to enhance structural integrity, charge-transfer kinetics, and cycling stability. High-entropy and multicomponent systems effectively mitigate phase transitions and improve thermal/electrochemical stability, while multiphase architectures facilitate Na + transport and reversible capacity retention. Surface engineering through functional coatings and interface modification stabilizes electrode–electrolyte interactions, whereas defect engineering, particularly oxygen vacancy modulation, optimizes electronic structures and ion migration pathways. Furthermore, cationic, anionic, and co-doping strategies have significantly improved the conductivity, redox activity, and structural durability of polyanionic cathodes. These emerging engineering approaches provide promising pathways toward the development of high-performance and durable cathode materials for next-generation SIBs.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1515/revic-2026-0046

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