Статья

Genetic history of an archaic hominin group from Denisova Cave in Siberia

David ReichDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [email protected]Richard E. GreenDepartment of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz 95064, USA,Martin KircherDepartment of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany,Johannes KrauseDepartment of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany,Nick PattersonBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, 02142, Massachusetts, USAÉric DurandDepartment of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 94720, California, USABence ViolaDepartment of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany,Adrian W. BriggsDepartment of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany,Udo StenzelDepartment of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany,Philip L. JohnsonDepartment of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, 30322, Georgia, USATomislav MaričićDepartment of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany,Jeffrey M. GoodDivision of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, 59812, Montana, USATomàs Marquès‐BonetDepartment of Genome Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, Washington, USACan AlkanDepartment of Genome Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, Washington, USAQiaomei FuCAS-MPS Joint Laboratory for Human Evolution and Archeometry, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100044, ChinaSwapan MallickBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, 02142, Massachusetts, USAHeng LiBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, 02142, Massachusetts, USAMatthias MeyerDepartment of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany,Evan E. EichlerDepartment of Genome Sciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, Washington, USAMark StonekingDepartment of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany,Michael P. RichardsDepartment of Anthropology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada,Sahra TalamoDepartment of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany,M.V. ShunkovPalaeolithic Department, Institute of Archaeology & Ethnography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia,А. П. ДеревянкоPalaeolithic Department, Institute of Archaeology & Ethnography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia,Jean Jacques HublinDepartment of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany,Janet KelsoDepartment of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany,Montgomery SlatkinDepartment of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 94720, California, USASvante PääboDepartment of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany,

2010en

ABI

Аннотация

Using DNA extracted from a finger bone found in Denisova Cave in southern Siberia, we have sequenced the genome of an archaic hominin to about 1.9-fold coverage. This individual is from a group that shares a common origin with Neanderthals. This population was not involved in the putative gene flow from Neanderthals into Eurasians; however, the data suggest that it contributed 4–6% of its genetic material to the genomes of present-day Melanesians. We designate this hominin population ‘Denisovans’ and suggest that it may have been widespread in Asia during the Late Pleistocene epoch. A tooth found in Denisova Cave carries a mitochondrial genome highly similar to that of the finger bone. This tooth shares no derived morphological features with Neanderthals or modern humans, further indicating that Denisovans have an evolutionary history distinct from Neanderthals and modern humans. Anatomically modern humans were in Africa from some point after 200,000 years ago and reached Eurasia rather later. Meanwhile, archaic hominins — including the Neanderthals — had been in Eurasia from at least 230,000 years ago and disappear from the fossil record only about 30,000 years ago. The genome of a female archaic hominin from Denisova Cave in southern Siberia has now been sequenced from DNA extracted from a finger bone. The group to which this 'Denisovan' individual belonged shares a common origin with Neanderthals and, although it was not involved in the putative gene flow from Neanderthals into Eurasians, it contributed 4–6% of the genomes of present-day Melanesians. In addition, the morphology of a tooth with a mitochondrial genome very similar to that of the finger bone suggests that these hominins are evolutionarily distinct from both Neanderthals and modern humans. Using DNA from a finger bone, the genome of an archaic hominin from southern Siberia has been sequenced to about 1.9-fold coverage. The group to which this individual belonged shares a common origin with Neanderthals, and although it was not involved in the putative gene flow from Neanderthals into Eurasians, it contributed 4–6% of its genetic material to the genomes of present-day Melanesians. A tooth whose mitochondrial genome is very similar to that of the finger bone further suggests that these hominins are evolutionarily distinct from Neanderthals and modern humans.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1038/nature09710

Цитирования и источники

Цитирований: 7Использованных источников: 0

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