Ancient human genome-wide data from a 3000-year interval in the Caucasus corresponds with eco-geographic regions
Chuan‐Chao WangDepartment of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China. [email protected]Sabine ReinholdGerman Archaeological Institute, Eurasia Department, Im Dol 2-6, D-14195, Berlin, GermanyAlexey Kalmykov'Nasledie' Cultural Heritage Unit, 355006, Stavropol, RussiaAntje WissgottDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Strasse 10, D-07745, Jena, GermanyGuido BrandtDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Strasse 10, D-07745, Jena, GermanyChoongwon JeongDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Strasse 10, D-07745, Jena, GermanyOlivia CheronetDepartment of Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, AustriaMatthew FerryDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USAÉadaoin HarneyDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USADenise KeatingEarth Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, IrelandSwapan MallickBroad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USANadin RohlandBroad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USAKristin StewardsonDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USAAnatoly R. KantorovichDepartment of Archaeology, Faculty of History, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky pr. 27/4, 119192, Moscow, RussiaVladimir Е. MaslovInstitute of Archaeology RAS, Ul. Dm. Ulyanova 19, 117036, Moscow, Russian FederationVladimira G. PetrenkoInstitute of Archaeology RAS, Ul. Dm. Ulyanova 19, 117036, Moscow, Russian FederationVladimir R. ErlikhBiaslan Ch. AtabievRabadan G. MagomedovInstitute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography DNC RAS, Ul. M. Jaragskogo 75, 367030, Makhachkala, Republic Dagestan, Russian FederationPhilipp L. KohlDepartment of Anthropology, Wellesley College, Pendleton East 331, 106 Central Street, Wellesley, MA, 02481, USAKurt W. AltDanube Private University, A-3500, Krems-Stein, AustriaSandra PichlerIPAS-Institute of Prehistory and Archaeological Science, University of Basel, CH-4055, Basel, SwitzerlandClaudia GerlingIPAS-Institute of Prehistory and Archaeological Science, University of Basel, CH-4055, Basel, SwitzerlandHarald MellerState Heritage Museum, Saxony-Anhalt, D-06114, Halle/Saale, GermanyBenik VardanyanMartin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg, D-06108, GermanyLarisa YeganyanAlexey D. RezepkinInstitute for the History of Material Culture, Russian Academy of Sciences, Dvortsovaya nab., 18, 191186, Saint-Petersburg, RussiaDirk MariaschkGerman Archaeological Institute, Eurasia Department, Im Dol 2-6, D-14195, Berlin, GermanyNatalia BerezinaResearch Institute and Museum of Anthropology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mokhovaya 11, Moscow, 125009, RussiaJulia GreskyGerman Archaeological Institute, Department of Natural Sciences, Im Dol 2-6, D-14195, Berlin, GermanyKatharina FuchsCRC 1266 "Scales of Transformation", Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Johanna-Mestorf-Straße 2-6, 24118, Kiel, GermanyCorina KnipperCurt Engelhorn Center for Archaeometry gGmbH, 68159, Mannheim, GermanyStephan SchiffelsDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Strasse 10, D-07745, Jena, GermanyElena BalanovskaBiobank of North Eurasia, Moscow, 115201, RussiaOleg BalanovskyBiobank of North Eurasia, Moscow, 115201, RussiaIain MathiesonDepartment of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USAThomas HighamOxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit, RLAHA, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX13QY, UKYakov B. BerezinResearch Institute and Museum of Anthropology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mokhovaya 11, Moscow, 125009, RussiaAlexandra BuzhilovaResearch Institute and Museum of Anthropology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mokhovaya 11, Moscow, 125009, RussiaViktor TrifonovInstitute for the History of Material Culture, Russian Academy of Sciences, Dvortsovaya nab.,18, 191186, Saint-Petersburg, RussiaRon PinhasiDepartment of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1010, Vienna, AustriaAndrej Belinskij'Nasledie' Cultural Heritage Unit, 355006, Stavropol, RussiaDavid ReichBroad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USASvend HansenGerman Archaeological Institute, Eurasia Department, Im Dol 2-6, D-14195, Berlin, Germany. [email protected]Johannes KrauseDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Strasse 10, D-07745, Jena, Germany. [email protected]Wolfgang HaakDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Strasse 10, D-07745, Jena, Germany. [email protected]
2019en
ABI
Аннотация
Abstract Archaeogenetic studies have described the formation of Eurasian ‘steppe ancestry’ as a mixture of Eastern and Caucasus hunter-gatherers. However, it remains unclear when and where this ancestry arose and whether it was related to a horizon of cultural innovations in the 4 th millennium BCE that subsequently facilitated the advance of pastoral societies in Eurasia. Here we generated genome-wide SNP data from 45 prehistoric individuals along a 3000-year temporal transect in the North Caucasus. We observe a genetic separation between the groups of the Caucasus and those of the adjacent steppe. The northern Caucasus groups are genetically similar to contemporaneous populations south of it, suggesting human movement across the mountain range during the Bronze Age. The steppe groups from Yamnaya and subsequent pastoralist cultures show evidence for previously undetected farmer-related ancestry from different contact zones, while Steppe Maykop individuals harbour additional Upper Palaeolithic Siberian and Native American related ancestry.
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