Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films
Kostya S. NovoselovDepartment of Physics, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKA. K. GeǐmDepartment of Physics, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKС. В. МорозовDepartment of Physics, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKDa JiangDepartment of Physics, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKY. ZhangDepartment of Physics, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKS. V. DubonosDepartment of Physics, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKI. V. GrigorievaDepartment of Physics, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKА. А. FirsovDepartment of Physics, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
2004en
ABI
Аннотация
We describe monocrystalline graphitic films, which are a few atoms thick but are nonetheless stable under ambient conditions, metallic, and of remarkably high quality. The films are found to be a two-dimensional semimetal with a tiny overlap between valence and conductance bands, and they exhibit a strong ambipolar electric field effect such that electrons and holes in concentrations up to 10(13) per square centimeter and with room-temperature mobilities of approximately 10,000 square centimeters per volt-second can be induced by applying gate voltage.
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