Generating Solitons by Phase Engineering of a Bose-Einstein Condensate
Johannes Hecker DenschlagNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USAJ. E. SimsarianNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USADavid L. FederNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USACharles W. ClarkNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USAL. A. CollinsTheoretical Division, Mail Stop B212, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USAJ. CubizollesEcole Normale Superieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, FranceL. DengNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USAE. W. HagleyNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USAKristian HelmersonNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USAWilliam P. ReinhardtDepartment of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USAS. L. RolstonNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USABarry I. SchneiderPhysics Division, National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA 22230, USAWilliam D. PhillipsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
2000en
ABI
Аннотация
Quantum phase engineering is demonstrated with two techniques that allow the spatial phase distribution of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) to be written and read out. A quantum state was designed and produced by optically imprinting a phase pattern onto a BEC of sodium atoms, and matter-wave interferometry with spatially resolved imaging was used to analyze the resultant phase distribution. An appropriate phase imprint created solitons, the first experimental realization of this nonlinear phenomenon in a BEC. The subsequent evolution of these excitations was investigated both experimentally and theoretically.
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