Статья

The Optical Corrector for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Timothy N. MillerUniversity of California, Space Sciences Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; [email protected]Peter DoelDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UKG. GutiérrezFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USARobert BesunerUniversity of California, Space Sciences Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; [email protected]David BrooksDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UKG. GalloFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USAHenry HeetderksUniversity of California, Space Sciences Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; [email protected]P. JelinskyUniversity of California, Space Sciences Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; [email protected]S. KentFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USAM. LamptonUniversity of California, Space Sciences Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; [email protected]M. E. LeviLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAMing LiangNSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, 950 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USAAaron MeisnerNSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, 950 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USAMichael ShollSpace Exploration Technologies Corp., 1 Rocket Road, Hawthorne, CA 90250, USAJ. SilberLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USADavid SprayberryNSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, 950 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USAJ. AguilarLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAAxel de la MacorraInstituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. de México C.P. 04510, MéxicoDaniel J. EisensteinCenter for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USAK. FanningThe Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USAAndreu Font-RiberaInstitut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, SpainE. GaztañagaInstitute of Space Sciences, ICE-CSIC, Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, 08913 Bellaterra, Barcelona, SpainSatya Gontcho A GontchoLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAK. HonscheidThe Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USAJorge JiménezInstitut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, SpainRichard JoyceNSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, 950 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719, USAR. KehoeDepartment of Physics, Southern Methodist University, 3215 Daniel Avenue, Dallas, TX 75275, USATheodore KisnerLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAAnthony KreminLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAMartin LandriauLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAL. Le GuillouSorbonne Université, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), FR-75005 Paris, FranceC. MagnevilleIRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FrancePaul MartiniThe Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USAR. MiquelInstitut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, SpainJohn MoustakasDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Siena College, 515 Loudon Road, Loudonville, NY 12211, USAJundan NieNational Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A20 Datun Road Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of ChinaWill J. PercivalDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, CanadaClaire PoppettLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAFrancisco PradaInstituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC), Glorieta de la Astronomía, s/n, E-18008 Granada, SpainGraziano RossiDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of KoreaDavid J. SchlegelLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAM. SchubnellUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAHee‐Jong SeoDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USAR. M. SharplesCentre for Advanced Instrumentation, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UKG. TarléUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAM. Vargas-MagañaInstituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. de México C.P. 04510, MéxicoZhimin ZhouNational Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A20 Datun Road Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China

2024en

ABI

Аннотация

Abstract The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) is currently measuring the spectra of 40 million galaxies and quasars, the largest such survey ever made to probe the nature of cosmological dark energy. The 4 m Mayall telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory has been adapted for DESI, including the construction of a 3.°2 diameter prime focus corrector that focuses astronomical light onto a 0.8 m diameter focal surface with excellent image quality over the DESI bandpass of 360–980 nm. The wide-field corrector includes six lenses, as large as 1.1 m in diameter and as heavy as 237 kilograms, including two counterrotating wedged lenses that correct for atmospheric dispersion over zenith angles from 0° to 60°. The lenses, cells, and barrel assembly all meet precise alignment tolerances on the order of tens of microns. The barrel alignment is maintained throughout a range of observing angles and temperature excursions in the Mayall dome by use of a hexapod, which is itself supported by a new cage, ring, and truss structure. In this paper we describe the design, fabrication, and performance of the new corrector and associated structure, focusing on how they meet DESI requirements. In particular, we describe the prescription and specifications of the lenses, design choices and error budgeting of the barrel assembly, stray light mitigations, and integration and test at the Mayall telescope. We conclude with some validation highlights that demonstrate the successful corrector on-sky performance, and we list some lessons learned during the multiyear fabrication phase.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/ad45fe

Цитирования и источники

Цитирований: 16Использованных источников: 0

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