Статья

Symptoms and risk factors for long COVID in non-hospitalized adults

Anuradhaa SubramanianInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKKrishnarajah NirantharakumarDEMAND Hub, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. [email protected]Sarah HughesBirmingham Health Partners Centre for Regulatory Science and Innovation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKPuja MylesClinical Practice Research Datalink, Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, London, UKTim WilliamsClinical Practice Research Datalink, Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, London, UKKrishna GokhaleInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKTom TavernerInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKJoht Singh ChandanInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKKirsty BrownInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKNikita Simms-WilliamsInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKAnoop D ShahInstitute of Health Informatics, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UKMegha SinghInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKFarah KidyInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKKelvin OkothInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKRichard HothamInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKNasir Zeeshan BashirSchool of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UKNeil CockburnInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKSiang Ing LeeInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKGrace TurnerCentre for Patient-Reported Outcomes Research, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKGeorgios V. GkoutosDEMAND Hub, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKOlalekan Lee AiyegbusiBirmingham Health Partners Centre for Regulatory Science and Innovation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKChristel McMullanCentre for Patient-Reported Outcomes Research, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKAlastair K. DennistonBirmingham Health Partners Centre for Regulatory Science and Innovation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKElizabeth SapeyMRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKJanet M. LordMRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKDavid C. WraithInstitute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKEdward LeggettClinical Practice Research Datalink, Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, London, UKClare IlesClinical Practice Research Datalink, Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, London, UKTom MarshallInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKMalcolm J PriceInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKSteven MarwahaBirmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKElin Haf DaviesLouise JacksonInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKKaren MatthewsJennifer CamaradouMelanie CalvertBirmingham Health Partners Centre for Regulatory Science and Innovation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKShamil HaroonInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

2022en

ABI

Аннотация

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with a range of persistent symptoms impacting everyday functioning, known as post-COVID-19 condition or long COVID. We undertook a retrospective matched cohort study using a UK-based primary care database, Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum, to determine symptoms that are associated with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection beyond 12 weeks in non-hospitalized adults and the risk factors associated with developing persistent symptoms. We selected 486,149 adults with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 1,944,580 propensity score-matched adults with no recorded evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Outcomes included 115 individual symptoms, as well as long COVID, defined as a composite outcome of 33 symptoms by the World Health Organization clinical case definition. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for the outcomes. A total of 62 symptoms were significantly associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection after 12 weeks. The largest aHRs were for anosmia (aHR 6.49, 95% CI 5.02-8.39), hair loss (3.99, 3.63-4.39), sneezing (2.77, 1.40-5.50), ejaculation difficulty (2.63, 1.61-4.28) and reduced libido (2.36, 1.61-3.47). Among the cohort of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, risk factors for long COVID included female sex, belonging to an ethnic minority, socioeconomic deprivation, smoking, obesity and a wide range of comorbidities. The risk of developing long COVID was also found to be increased along a gradient of decreasing age. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with a plethora of symptoms that are associated with a range of sociodemographic and clinical risk factors.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01909-w

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