Determination of the Equation of State of Dense Matter
Paweł DanielewiczGesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, GermanyR. LaceyDepartment of Chemistry, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794–3400, USAW. G. LynchNational Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824–1321, USA
2002en
ABI
Аннотация
Nuclear collisions can compress nuclear matter to densities achieved within neutron stars and within core-collapse supernovae. These dense states of matter exist momentarily before expanding. We analyzed the flow of matter to extract pressures in excess of 10(34) pascals, the highest recorded under laboratory-controlled conditions. Using these analyses, we rule out strongly repulsive nuclear equations of state from relativistic mean field theory and weakly repulsive equations of state with phase transitions at densities less than three times that of stable nuclei, but not equations of state softened at higher densities because of a transformation to quark matter.
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