Review of Particle Physics
J. BeringerPhysics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAJ-F. ArguinDépartement de physique, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succ. centre-ville, Montréal (Québec) H3C 3J7, CanadaR. M. BarnettPhysics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAK. CopicPhysics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAO. I. DahlPhysics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAD. E. GroomPhysics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAC.-J. LinPhysics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAJ. LysPhysics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAH. MurayamaDepartment of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAC.G. WohlPhysics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAW.-M. YaoPhysics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAP. ŻyłaPhysics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAC. AmslerAlbert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Universität Bern, CH-3012 Bern, SwitzerlandM. AntonelliLab. Nazionali di Frascati dell'INFN, CP 13, via E. Fermi, 40, I-00044 Frascati (Roma), ItalyD. M. AsnerPacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99352, USAHoward BaerDepartment of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USAH. R. BandDepartment of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USATullio BasagliaCERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Genève 23, SwitzerlandC. BauerPhysics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAJ. J. BeattyDepartment of Physics, The Ohio State University, 191 W. Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210V.I. BelousovCOMPAS Group, Institute for High Energy Physics, RU-142284, Protvino, RussiaE. BergrenLPNHE, IN2P3-CNRS et Universités de Paris 6 et 7, F-75252 Paris, FranceG. BernardiLPNHE, IN2P3-CNRS et Universités de Paris 6 et 7, F-75252 Paris, FranceW. BertlPaul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, SwitzerlandS. BethkeMax-Planck-Institute of Physics, 80805 Munich, GermanyH. BichselDepartment of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USAO. BiebelLudwig-Maximilians-Universität, Fakultät für Physik, Schellingstr. 4, D-80799 München, GermanyE. BlucherEnrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637-1433, USAS. BluskDepartment of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244-1130, USAG. BrooijmansDepartment of Physics, Columbia University, 538 W. 120th Street, New York, NY, 10027 USAO. L. BuchmuellerHigh Energy Physics Group, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, UKR. N. CahnPhysics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAMarcela CarenaEnrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637-1433, USAA. CeccucciCERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Genève 23, SwitzerlandD. ChakrabortyDepartment of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USAM. -C. ChenDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4576, USAR. Sekhar ChivukulaMichigan State University, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, MI 48824-2320, USAG. CowanDepartment of Physics, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UKGiancarlo D’AmbrosioINFN - Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, ItalyThibault DamourInstitut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques, F-91440 Bures-sur-Yvette, FranceDaniel de FlorianDepartamento de Fí sica, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pab.1, Ciudad Universitaria, (1428) Capital Federal, ArgentinaAndré de GouvêaDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USAThomas DeGrandDepartment of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USAP. de JongNikhef, P.O. Box 41882, 1009 DB Amsterdam, the NetherlandsG. DissertoriInstitute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, SwitzerlandBogdan A. DobrescuFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USAM. DoserCERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Genève 23, SwitzerlandM. DreesUniversität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, GermanyD. A. EdwardsDeutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22603 Hamburg, GermanyS. EidelmanBudker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS and Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, RussiaJens ErlerDepartamento de Física Teórica, Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F. 04510, MéxicoВ. В. ЕжелаCOMPAS Group, Institute for High Energy Physics, RU-142284, Protvino, RussiaW. FetscherInstitute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, SwitzerlandBrian D. FieldsDepartment of Astronomy, University of Illinois, 1002 W. Green St., Urbana, IL 61801, USAB. FosterDenys Wilkinson Building, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RH, UKT. K. GaisserBartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USAL. GarrenFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USAH.-J. GerberInstitute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, SwitzerlandG. GerbierCEA/Saclay, DSM/IRFU, BP 2, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceTony GherghettaSchool of Physics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010 AustraliaS. R. GolwalaCalifornia Institute of Technology, Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, Mail Code 367-17, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAM. GoodmanArgonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439-4815, USAC. GrabInstitute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, SwitzerlandA. V. GritsanJohns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USAJ.-F. GrivazLAL, IN2P3-CNRS et Univ. de Paris 11, F-91898 Orsay CEDEX, FranceM. GrünewaldDept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Ghent, Proeftuinstraat 86, B-9000 Ghent, BelgiumA. GurtuCERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Genève 23, SwitzerlandTh. GutscheInstitut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, D-72076 Tübingen, GermanyHoward E. HaberSanta Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USAKaoru HagiwaraKEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Oho, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken 305-0801, JapanC. HagmannLawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550, USAC. HanhartInstitut für Kernphysik and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, GermanyS. HashimotoKEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Oho, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken 305-0801, JapanK. HayesDepartment of Physics, Hillsdale College, Hillsdale, MI 49242, USAM. HeffnerLawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550, USAB. K. HeltsleyLaboratory of Elementary-Particle Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USAJ.J. HernandezIFIC —- Instituto de Fí sica Corpuscular, Universitat de València —- C.S.I.C., E-46071 València, SpainKen‐ichi HikasaDepartment of Physics, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, JapanA. HöckerCERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Genève 23, SwitzerlandJ. HolderBartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USAAnnette HoltkampCERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Genève 23, SwitzerlandJ. HustonMichigan State University, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, MI 48824-2320, USAJ.D. JacksonPhysics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAK. F. JohnsonLos Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USAT. R. JunkFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USAD. KarlenUniversity of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, CanadaD. KirkbyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4576, USAS. R. KleinNuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAE. KlemptHelmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Bonn, GermanyR. KowalewskiUniversity of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, CanadaFrank KraussInstitute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Department of Physics, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UKM. KrepsDepartment of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UKB. KruscheInstitute of Physics, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, SwitzerlandYu. V. KuyanovCOMPAS Group, Institute for High Energy Physics, RU-142284, Protvino, RussiaY. KwonYonsei University, Department of Physics, 134 Sinchon-dong, Sudaemoon-gu, Seoul 120-749, South KoreaO. LahavDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UKJ. LaihoUniversity of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UKPaul LangackerSchool of Natural Science, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540, USAAndrew R. LiddleAstronomy Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, UKZ. LigetiPhysics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
2012en
ABI
Аннотация
This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2658 new measurements from 644 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 112 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on Heavy-Quark and Soft-Collinear Effective Theory, Neutrino Cross Section Measurements, Monte Carlo Event Generators, Lattice QCD, Heavy Quarkonium Spectroscopy, Top Quark, Dark Matter, ${V}_{\mathit{cb}}$ ${V}_{\mathit{ub}}$, Quantum Chromodynamics, High-Energy Collider Parameters, Astrophysical Constants, Cosmological Parameters, and Dark Matter.A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http://pdg.lbl.gov/.The 2012 edition of Review of Particle Physics is published for the Particle Data Group as article 010001 in volume 86 of Physical Review D.This edition should be cited as: J. Beringer et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 86, 010001 (2012).
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