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Zebu Cattle Are an Exclusive Legacy of the South Asia Neolithic

Shanyuan ChenCentro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Vairão, PortugalBang‐Zhong LINLaboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, JapanMumtaz BaigDepartment of Zoology, Government Vidarbha Institute of Science and Humanities, Amravati, Maharashtra, IndiaBulganin MitraCellular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, West Bengal, IndiaRicardo J. LopesCentro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Vairão, PortugalAntónio M. SantosDepartamento de Zoologia e Antropologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalDavid A. MageeAnimal Genomics Laboratory, UCD School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine, UCD College of Life Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, IrelandM. AzevedoCentro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Vairão, PortugalPedro TarrosoCentro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Vairão, PortugalShinji SasazakiLaboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, JapanStéphane OstrowskiWildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, New YorkO. MahgoubDepartment of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khod, Muscat, OmanTapas K. ChaudhuriCellular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, West Bengal, IndiaYuedong ZhangLaboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, Yunnan University, Kunming, ChinaVânia CostaCentro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Vairão, PortugalL. J. RoyoArea de Genética y Reproducción Animal, Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario, Somió, Camino de los Claveles, Gijon, SpainF. GoyacheArea de Genética y Reproducción Animal, Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario, Somió, Camino de los Claveles, Gijon, SpainGordon LuikartCentro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Vairão, PortugalNicole BoivinResearch Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford, United KingdomDorian Q. FullerInstitute of Archaeology, University College London, London, United KingdomHideyuki MannenLaboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, JapanDaniel G. BradleySmurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College, Dublin, IrelandAlbano Beja‐PereiraCentro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal

2009en

ABI

Аннотация

Animal domestication was a major step forward in human prehistory, contributing to the emergence of more complex societies. At the time of the Neolithic transition, zebu cattle (Bos indicus) were probably the most abundant and important domestic livestock species in Southern Asia. Although archaeological evidence points toward the domestication of zebu cattle within the Indian subcontinent, the exact geographic origins and phylogenetic history of zebu cattle remains uncertain. Here, we report evidence from 844 zebu mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences surveyed from 19 Asiatic countries comprising 8 regional groups, which identify 2 distinct mitochondrial haplogroups, termed I1 and I2. The marked increase in nucleotide diversity (P < 0.001) for both the I1 and I2 haplogroups within the northern part of the Indian subcontinent is consistent with an origin for all domestic zebu in this area. For haplogroup I1, genetic diversity was highest within the Indus Valley among the three hypothesized domestication centers (Indus Valley, Ganges, and South India). These data support the Indus Valley as the most likely center of origin for the I1 haplogroup and a primary center of zebu domestication. However, for the I2 haplogroup, a complex pattern of diversity is detected, preventing the unambiguous pinpointing of the exact place of origin for this zebu maternal lineage. Our findings are discussed with respect to the archaeological record for zebu domestication within the Indian subcontinent.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msp213

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Цитирований: 2Использованных источников: 0

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