A Disk Instability Model for the Quasi-periodic Eruptions of GSN 069

Abstract GSN 069 is a recently discovered quasi-periodic eruption (QPE) source recurring about every 9 hr. The mechanism for the QPEs of GSN 069 is still unclear. In this work, a disk instability model is constructed to explain GSN 069 based on Pan et al. (PLC21), where the authors proposed a toy model for the repeating changing-look active galactic nuclei. We improve the work of PLC21 by including a nonzero viscous torque condition on the inner boundary of the disk and adopting a general form for the viscous stress torque in the Kerr metric. It is found that the 0.4–2 keV light curves, the light curves at different energy bands, and the phase-resolved X-ray spectrum of GSN 069 can all be qualitatively reproduced by our model. Furthermore, the profiles of light curves in QPEs can be significantly changed by the parameter μ in the viscous torque equation, which implies that our model may also be applied to other QPEs.

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