Статья

A Reconciled Estimate of Glacier Contributions to Sea Level Rise: 2003 to 2009

Alex GardnerDepartment of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAGeir MoholdtInstitute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093, USAJ. Graham CogleyDepartment of Geography, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario K9J 7B8, CanadaBert WoutersBristol Glaciology Centre, School of Geographical Science, Bristol BS8 1SS, UKA. A. ArendtGeophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USAJohn WahrCooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USAÉtienne BerthierCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Toulouse, LEGOS, 14 Avenue E. Belin, 31400 Toulouse, FranceRegine HockDepartment of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 05 Uppsala, SwedenW. T. PfefferInstitute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USAGeorg KaserInstitute of Meteorology and Geophysics, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, AustriaStefan LigtenbergUtrecht University, Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, 3508 TA Utrecht, NetherlandsTobias BolchDepartment of Geography, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, SwitzerlandMartin SharpDepartment of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, CanadaJon Ove HagenDepartment of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Box 1047 Blindern, N-0316, Oslo, NorwayM. R. van den BroekeUtrecht University, Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, 3508 TA Utrecht, NetherlandsFrank PaulDepartment of Geography, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland

2013en

ABI

Аннотация

Glaciers distinct from the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets are losing large amounts of water to the world's oceans. However, estimates of their contribution to sea level rise disagree. We provide a consensus estimate by standardizing existing, and creating new, mass-budget estimates from satellite gravimetry and altimetry and from local glaciological records. In many regions, local measurements are more negative than satellite-based estimates. All regions lost mass during 2003-2009, with the largest losses from Arctic Canada, Alaska, coastal Greenland, the southern Andes, and high-mountain Asia, but there was little loss from glaciers in Antarctica. Over this period, the global mass budget was -259 ± 28 gigatons per year, equivalent to the combined loss from both ice sheets and accounting for 29 ± 13% of the observed sea level rise.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1126/science.1234532

Цитирования и источники

Цитирований: 3Использованных источников: 0

Показатели — AkademScholar