Статья

Impact of heavy metals on the environment and human health: Novel therapeutic insights to counter the toxicity

Saikat MitraDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, BangladeshArka ChakrabortyDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, BangladeshAbu Montakim TareqDepartment of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, BangladeshTalha Bin EmranDepartment of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, BangladeshFirzan NainuFaculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Tamalanrea, Makassar 90245, IndonesiaAmeer KhusroAbubakr M. IdrisDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaMayeen Uddin KhandakerCentre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, MalaysiaHamid OsmanDepartment of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaFahad A. AlhumaydhiDepartment of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi ArabiaJesús Simal‐GándaraNutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo–Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain

2022en

ABI

Аннотация

Heavy metals are well-known environmental pollutants owing to their toxicity, longevity in the atmosphere, and ability to accumulate in the human body via bioaccumulation. The pollution of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems with toxic heavy metals is a major environmental concern that has consequences for public health. Most heavy metals occur naturally, but a few are derived from anthropogenic sources. Heavy metals are characterized by their high atomic mass and toxicity to living organisms. Most heavy metals cause environmental and atmospheric pollution, and may be lethal to humans. Heavy metals can become strongly toxic by mixing with different environmental elements, such as water, soil, and air, and humans and other living organisms can be exposed to them through the food chain. Plenty of experimental studies were performed to appraise the promising treatment options from natural products. Additionally, nanotechnology based treatment options are being constantly developed. As an emerging field, nanotechnology is making substantial advances in the analysis and removal of heavy metals from complicated matrices. Removal of heavy metal has been accomplished by the use of a variety of nanomaterials, including graphene and its derivatives, magnetic nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, and carbon nanotubes, to name a few. Using nanotechnology for heavy metal analysis and removal from food and water resources provides many benefits over traditional methods. These advantages include a broad linear range, low detection and quantification limits, a high sensitivity, and high selectivity. Therefore this review aimed to explore the environmental consequences of the heavy metals, toxicity to the human health, as well as novel therapeutics development from the natural resources. Additionally, nanotechnological and nanomedicinal applications to treat heavy metal toxicity are also highlighted in this review.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2022.101865

Цитирования и источники

Цитирований: 5Использованных источников: 0

Показатели — AkademScholar