Статья

Multifunctional Gadolinium‐Doped Mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanobeads: Photoluminescence, Enhanced Spin Relaxation, and Reactive Oxygen Species Photogeneration, Beneficial for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

Roghayeh ImaniDepartment of Chemistry–Physical Chemistry Division Ångström Laboratory Uppsala University Box 523, Lägerhyddsvägen 1 75120 Uppsala SwedenRalf DillertInstitut fuer Technische Chemie Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universitaet Hannover Callinstrasse 3 D‐30167 Hannover GermanyDetlef W. BahnemannInstitut fuer Technische Chemie Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universitaet Hannover Callinstrasse 3 D‐30167 Hannover GermanyMeysam PazokiDepartment of Chemistry–Structural Chemistry Division Ångström Laboratory Uppsala University Box 538, Lägerhyddsvägen 1 75120 Uppsala SwedenT. ApihJožef Stefan Institute Jamova 39 SI‐1000 Ljubljana SloveniaVeno KononenkoBiotechnical Faculty Department of Biology University of Ljubljana Večna pot 111 SI‐1000 Ljubljana SloveniaNeža ReparBiotechnical Faculty Department of Biology University of Ljubljana Večna pot 111 SI‐1000 Ljubljana SloveniaVeronika Kralj‐IgličFaculty of Health Sciences Biophysics Laboratory University of Ljubljana SI‐1000 Ljubljana SloveniaGerrit BoschlooDepartment of Chemistry–Physical Chemistry Division Ångström Laboratory Uppsala University Box 523, Lägerhyddsvägen 1 75120 Uppsala SwedenDamjana DrobneBiotechnical Faculty Department of Biology University of Ljubljana Večna pot 111 SI‐1000 Ljubljana SloveniaTomas EdvinssonDepartment of Engineering Sciences–Solid State Physics Division Uppsala University Box 534 75121 Uppsala SwedenAleš IgličFaculty of Electrical Engineering Biophysics Laboratory University of Ljubljana SI‐1000 Slovenia

2017en

ABI

Аннотация

Materials with controllable multifunctional abilities for optical imaging (OI) and magnetic resonant imaging (MRI) that also can be used in photodynamic therapy are very interesting for future applications. Mesoporous TiO 2 sub‐micrometer particles are doped with gadolinium to improve photoluminescence functionality and spin relaxation for MRI, with the added benefit of enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The Gd‐doped TiO 2 exhibits red emission at 637 nm that is beneficial for OI and significantly improves MRI relaxation times, with a beneficial decrease in spin–lattice and spin–spin relaxation times. Density functional theory calculations show that Gd 3+ ions introduce impurity energy levels inside the bandgap of anatase TiO 2 , and also create dipoles that are beneficial for charge separation and decreased electron–hole recombination in the doped lattice. The Gd‐doped TiO 2 nanobeads (NBs) show enhanced ability for ROS monitored via • OH radical photogeneration, in comparison with undoped TiO 2 nanobeads and TiO 2 P25, for Gd‐doping up to 10%. Cellular internalization and biocompatibility of TiO 2 @ x Gd NBs are tested in vitro on MG‐63 human osteosarcoma cells, showing full biocompatibility. After photoactivation of the particles, anticancer trace by means of ROS photogeneration is observed just after 3 min irradiation.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1002/smll.201700349

Цитирования и источники

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