Dynamical deformation in heavy ion collisions and formation of superheavy nuclei

To develop a dinuclear system conception, dynamical deformation and nucleon transfer in the heavy ion fusion reaction process are viewed simultaneously as a diffusion process and are treated by solving a set of master equations with the variables of the quadrupole deformation of each nucleus and the mass asymmetry variable in the potential energy surface (PES) of the system. The PES is determined by these three variables (two deformation coordinates and the mass asymmetry coordinate) and further governs the variation of the three variables by the master equations. The nucleon transfer and dynamical deformations of nuclei are correlated in the reactions. So the energy surface of the system for nucleon transfer is dependent on deformations and, thus, is time dependent. The calculated results for the quasifission mass yields and the excitation function of the evaporation residue cross sections to form elements 114 and 116 are shown to be agreeable with the measured data.

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