Exploitation of Chinese Upland Cotton Cultivar Germplasm Resources to Mine Favorable QTL Alleles Using Association Mapping

Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is the most important natural textile fiber source globally. The worldwide economic impact of the cotton industry is estimated at approximately $500 billion per year with an annual utilization of about 27 million metric tons of cotton fiber [1].The tetraploid species Gossypium hirsutum L. (n=26, AD genome), commonly referred to as Upland cotton, accounts for 95% of the world's cotton production Most of the objectives in cotton breeding, such as yield, fiber quality, biotic-and abiotic-stress tolerance, are all complex traits, which are controlled by a large number of quantitative trait loci (QTLs). It is becoming progressively more difficult to improve these traits using conventional breeding methods due to their complex architecture and inheritance Fortunately, the development in applied genomics research has provided alternative tools to improve efficiency in plant breeding programs. Molecular markers tightly linked to the target genes or QTLs can be used for markerassisted selection (MAS) and/or genomic selection (GS) In the past two decades, the availability of abundant molecular markers has made tagging QTL harboring functional genes through family-based linkage mapping a routine process, and a large number of QTLs for fiber quality properties [6-40], yield and its components [6, 8, 10-11, 14, 18-19, 27, 30-32, 36, 40-45], nematode resistance

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