Обзорная статья

A review of the recent development, challenges, and opportunities of electronic waste (e-waste)

M. ShahabuddinDepartment of Mechanical and Product Design Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, AustraliaMd Nur UddinDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72441, Saudi ArabiaJahedul Islam ChowdhurySchool of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Bedford, MK43 0AL, UKShams Forruque AhmedScience and Math Program, Asian University for Women, Chattogram, 4000, BangladeshM. MofijurSchool of Information, Systems and Modelling, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, AustraliaMohammad Amran UddinDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72441, Saudi Arabia

2022en

ABI

Аннотация

Abstract This study reviews recent developments, challenges, and the prospect of electronic waste (e-waste). Various aspects of e-waste, including collection, pre-treatment, and recycling, are discussed briefly. It is found that Europe is the leading collector of e-waste, followed by Asia, America, Oceania, and Africa. The monetary worth of e-waste raw materials is estimated to be $57.0 billion. However, only $10.0 billion worth of e-waste is recycled and recovered sustainably, offsetting 15.0 million tonnes (Mt) of CO 2 . The major challenges of e-waste treatment include collection, sorting and inhomogeneity of waste, low energy density, prevention of further waste, emission, and cost-effective recycling. Only 78 countries in the world now have e-waste related legislation. Such legislation is not effectively implemented in most regions. Developing countries like south-eastern Asia and Northern Africa have limited or no e-waste legislation. Therefore, country-specific standards and legislation, public awareness, effective implementation, and government incentives for developing cost-effective technologies are sought to manage e-waste, which will play an important role in the circular economy.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1007/s13762-022-04274-w

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