Статья

Zeolites: A Theoretical and Practical Approach with Uses in (Bio)Chemical Processes

Arthur Abinader VasconcelosPost-Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, Guamá 66075-110, PA, BrazilThomas LenDepartment of Organic Chemistry, Universidad de Córdoba, Ctra Nnal IV-A, Km 396, 14014 Córdoba, SpainAlex de OliveiraBiocatalysis and Applied Organic Synthesis Group, Chemistry Course, Campus Marco Zero do Ecuador, Rodovia Josmar Chaves Pinto Km 02, Jardim Marco Zero, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá 68903-419, AP, BrazilAna Alice Farias da CostaPost-Graduation Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, Guamá 66075-110, PA, BrazilAllan Rodrigo da Silva SouzaPost-Graduation Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, Guamá 66075-110, PA, BrazilCarlos Emmerson Ferreira da CostaPost-Graduation Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, Guamá 66075-110, PA, BrazilRafael LuqueCenter for Molecular Design and Modern Organic Chemistry, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho Maklaya Str., 117198 Moscow, RussiaGeraldo Narciso da Rocha FilhoPost-Graduation Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, Guamá 66075-110, PA, BrazilRenata Coelho Rodrigues NoronhaLaboratório de Citogenética, Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, Guamá, Belém 66075-110, PA, BrazilLuís Adriano Santos do NascimentoPost-Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, Guamá 66075-110, PA, Brazil

2023en

ABI

Аннотация

This review provides a state-of-the-art summary of distributed zeolite technology, as well as identifying strategies to further promote the absorption of these materials in various areas of study. Zeolites are materials that can be synthesized or found in natural rock deposits a with a basic composition consisting in Al, Si, and O. Zeolite’s consideration as a future material is due to many facile synthesis methods to obtain different structures with variations in pore size, surface area, pore volume and physical properties. These methods are developed using the control of relevant synthesis parameters that influences structure formation, such as crystallization temperature, time of aging and/or crystallization, stoichiometric relationships between components of synthesis gel, pH of the medium, and in some cases the type of structure-directing agent. Each method will lead to geometric changes in the framework formation, making possible the formation of typical chemical bonds that are the fingerprint of any zeolitic structure (O-Si-O and Al-O-Si), forming typical acid sites that give specificity in zeolite and allows it to act as a nanoreactor. The specificity is a characteristic that in some cases depends on selectivity, a fundamental property derived of the porosity, mostly in processes that occur inside the zeolite. In processes outside the structure, the surface area is the main factor influencing this property. Moreover, there are many natural sources with adequate chemical composition to be used as precursors. Some of these sources are waste, minimizing the deposition of potential hazardous materials that can be recalcitrant pollutants depending on the environment. Besides its uses as a catalyst, zeolite serves as a support for many bioprocesses; therefore, this review aims to explain relevant aspects in chemical nature, physical properties, main methods of synthesis, main precursors used for synthesis, and relevant applications of zeolites in chemical catalysis and biological processes.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.3390/app13031897

Цитирования и источники

Цитирований: 2Использованных источников: 0

Показатели — AkademScholar