Статья

The XXL Survey

C. AdamiAix Marseille Univ., CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, FrancePaul GilesSchool of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UKE. KoulouridisLaboratoire AIM, CEA/DSM/IRFU/SAp, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceF. PacaudArgelander Institut für Astronomie, Universität Bonn, Auf dem Hügel 71, 53121 Bonn, GermanyC. A. CarettaAix Marseille Univ., CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, FranceM. PierreLaboratoire AIM, CEA/DSM/IRFU/SAp, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceD. EckertDepartment of Astronomy, University of Geneva, Ch. d’Écogia 16, 1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandM. E. Ramos-CejaArgelander Institut für Astronomie, Universität Bonn, Auf dem Hügel 71, 53121 Bonn, GermanyF. GastaldelloINAF – IASF Milano, via Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, ItalyS. FotopoulouCentre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UKV. GuglielmoAix Marseille Univ., CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, FranceC. LidmanAustralian Astronomical Observatory, PO Box 915, North Ryde 1670, AustraliaT. SadibekovaLaboratoire AIM, CEA/DSM/IRFU/SAp, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceA. IovinoINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via Brera 28, 20122 Milano, via E. Bianchi 46, 20121 Merate, ItalyB. J. MaughanSchool of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UKL. ChiappettiINAF – IASF Milano, via Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, ItalySinan AlişDepartment of Astronomy and Space Sciences, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34119 Istanbul, TurkeyB. AltieriEuropean Space Astronomy Centre (ESA/ESAC), Operations Department, Villanueva de la Canãda, Madrid, SpainI. K. BaldryAstrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores Univ., IC2, Liverpool Science Park, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UKD. BottiniINAF – IASF Milano, via Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, ItalyM. BirkinshawSchool of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UKL. PozzettiSchool of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UKM. J. I. BrownMonash University, Victoria 3800, AustraliaO. CucciatiDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia (DIFA), Università di Bologna, viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, ItalySimon P. DriverICRAR, 1 Turner Avenue, Technology Park, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, AustraliaE. ElmerSchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UKS. EttoriINAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna, via Pietro Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, ItalyA. E. EvrardDepartment of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAL. FaccioliLaboratoire AIM, CEA/DSM/IRFU/SAp, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceB. R. GranettDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, 35122 Padova, ItalyMeiert W. GrootesMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, GermanyL. GuzzoINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via Brera 28, 20122 Milano, via E. Bianchi 46, 20121 Merate, ItalyAndrew HopkinsAustralian Astronomical Observatory, PO Box 915, North Ryde 1670, AustraliaC. HorellouChalmers University of Technology, Department of Space, Environment, and Earth, Onsala Space Observatory, 439 92 Onsala, SwedenJ. P. LefèvreLaboratoire AIM, CEA/DSM/IRFU/SAp, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceJ. LiskeHamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg, Gojenbergsweg 112, 21029 Hamburg, GermanyK. MałekNational Centre for Nuclear Research, ul. Hoza 69, 00-681 Warszawa, PolandF. MarulliDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia (DIFA), Università di Bologna, viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, ItalyS. MaurogordatoLaboratoire Lagrange, UMR 7293, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, 06304 Nice, FranceM. S. OwersAustralian Astronomical Observatory, PO Box 915, North Ryde 1670, AustraliaS. PaltaniDepartment of Astronomy, University of Geneva, Ch. d’Écogia 16, 1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandBianca M. PoggiantiINAF – Osservatorio astronomico di Padova, Vicolo Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, ItalyM. PollettaAix-Marseille Université – Pharo, 58 bd Charles Livon Jardin du Pharo, 13007 Marseille, FranceM. PlionisAristotle University of Thessaloniki, Physics Department, Thessaloniki 54124, GreeceA. PolloAstronomical Observatory of the Jagiellonian University, Orla 171, 30-001 Cracow, PolandE. PompeiEuropean Southern Observatory, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, 19001 Casilla, Santiago 19, ChileT. J. PonmanAstrophysics and Space Research Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, Univ. of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKDavid RapettiCenter for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy, Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USAM. RicciLaboratoire Lagrange, UMR 7293, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, 06304 Nice, FranceA. S. G. RobothamICRAR, 1 Turner Avenue, Technology Park, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, AustraliaR. TuffsMax-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, PO Box 103980, 69029 Heidelberg, GermanyL. A. M. TascaAix Marseille Univ., CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, FranceI. ValtchanovEuropean Space Astronomy Centre (ESA/ESAC), Operations Department, Villanueva de la Canãda, Madrid, SpainD. VerganiINAF – IASF Bologna, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, ItalyGlenn WagnerDepartment of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UKJ. P. WillisDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1, Canada

2017en

ABI

Аннотация

Context. In the currently debated context of using clusters of galaxies as cosmological probes, the need for well-defined cluster samples is critical. Aims. The XXL Survey has been specifically designed to provide a well characterised sample of some 500 X-ray detected clusters suitable for cosmological studies. The main goal of present article is to make public and describe the properties of the cluster catalogue in its present state, as well as of associated catalogues of more specific objects such as super-clusters and fossil groups. Methods. Following from the publication of the hundred brightest XXL clusters, we now release a sample containing 365 clusters in total, down to a flux of a few 10 −15 erg s −1 cm −2 in the [0.5–2] keV band and in a 1′ aperture. This release contains the complete subset of clusters for which the selection function is well determined plus all X-ray clusters which are, to date, spectroscopically confirmed. In this paper, we give the details of the follow-up observations and explain the procedure adopted to validate the cluster spectroscopic redshifts. Considering the whole XXL cluster sample, we have provided two types of selection, both complete in a particular sense: one based on flux-morphology criteria, and an alternative based on the [0.5–2] keV flux within 1 arcmin of the cluster centre. We have also provided X-ray temperature measurements for 80% of the clusters having a flux larger than 9 × 10 −15 erg s −1 cm −2 . Results. Our cluster sample extends from z ~ 0 to z ~ 1.2, with one cluster at z ~ 2. Clusters were identified through a mean number of six spectroscopically confirmed cluster members. The largest number of confirmed spectroscopic members in a cluster is 41. Our updated luminosity function and luminosity–temperature relation are compatible with our previous determinations based on the 100 brightest clusters, but show smaller uncertainties. We also present an enlarged list of super-clusters and a sample of 18 possible fossil groups. Conclusions. This intermediate publication is the last before the final release of the complete XXL cluster catalogue when the ongoing C2 cluster spectroscopic follow-up is complete. It provides a unique inventory of medium-mass clusters over a 50 deg 2 area out to z ~ 1.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201731606

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Цитирований: 9Использованных источников: 0

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