The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE)
Steven R. MajewskiDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USARicardo P. SchiavonGemini Observatory, 670 N. A'Ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USAPeter M. FrinchaboyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USACarlos Allende Prieto16 Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, SpainRobert H. BarkhouserDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USADmitry BizyaevApache Point Observatory and New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 59, Sunspot, NM, 88349-0059, USABasil BlankSophia BrunnerDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USAAdam BurtonDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USAR. CarreraInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, SpainS. Drew ChojnowskiDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USAKátia CunhaObservatório Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, BrazilCourtney R. EpsteinThe Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USAGreg FitzgeraldA. E. García PérezInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, SpainFred HeartyDepartment of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University, 525 Davey Laboratory, University Park PA 16802, USAChuck HendersonJon A. HoltzmanNew Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USAJennifer A. JohnsonThe Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USACharles R. LamDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USAJ. E. LawlerDepartment of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USAPaul MasemanSteward Observatory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USASzabolcs Mészáros16 Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, SpainMatthew NelsonDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USADuy Coung NguyenDunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaDavid L. NideverDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USAMarc H. PinsonneaultThe Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USAMatthew ShetroneUniversity of Texas at Austin, McDonald Observatory, Fort Davis, TX 79734, USAStephen A. SmeeDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USAVerne V. SmithSteward Observatory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USATodd M. StolbergMichael F. SkrutskieDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USAE. WalkerDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USAJohn C. WilsonDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USAGail ZasowskiDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USAF. AndersLeibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), An der Sternwarte 16, D-14482 Potsdam, GermanySarbani BasuDepartment of Astronomy, Yale University, PO Box 208101, New Haven, CT 06520-8101 USAS. BélandLaboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USAMichael R. BlantonCenter for Cosmology and Particle Physics, Department of Physics, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USAJo BovyDepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, CanadaJoel R. BrownsteinDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, 115 S 1400 E #201 Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USAJoleen K. CarlbergNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 667, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAW. J. ChaplinSchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKC. ChiappiniLeibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), An der Sternwarte 16, D-14482 Potsdam, GermanyDaniel J. EisensteinHarvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden St., MS #20, Cambridge, MA 02138, USAY. ElsworthSchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKDiane FeuilletNew Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USAScott W. FlemingComputer Sciences Corporation, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218, USAJessica Galbraith-FrewDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, 115 S 1400 E #201 Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USAR. A. GarcíaLaboratoire AIM, CEA/DSM—CNRS— Univ. Paris Diderot—IRFU/SAp, Centre de Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, FranceD. A. García–HernándezInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, SpainBruce GillespieDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USAL. GirardiLaboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia—LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ—20921-400, BrazilJames E. GunnDepartment of Astrophysical Sciences, Peyton Hall, Princeton University 08544, USASten HasselquistDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USAMichael HaydenNew Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USAS. HekkerStellar Astrophysics Centre (SAC), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkInese I. IvansDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, 115 S 1400 E #201 Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USAKaren KinemuchiApache Point Observatory and New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 59, Sunspot, NM, 88349-0059, USAMark A. KlaeneApache Point Observatory and New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 59, Sunspot, NM, 88349-0059, USASuvrath MahadevanDepartment of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University, 525 Davey Laboratory, University Park PA 16802, USAS. MathurSpace Science Institute, 4750 Walnut street, Suite 205, Boulder, CO 80301 USAB. MosserLESIA, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Universit Denis Diderot, Observatoire de Paris, F-92195 Meudon Cedex, FranceDemitri MunaThe Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USAJeffrey A. MunnUS Naval Observatory, Flagstaff Station, 10391 West Naval Observatory Road, Flagstaff, AZ 86005-8521, USARobert C. NicholInstitute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UKR. W. O’ConnellDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USAJohn K. ParejkoDepartment of Physics, Yale University, 260 Whitney Ave, New Haven, CT 06520, USAA. C. RobinInstitut Utinam, CNRS UMR6213, Université de Franche-Comté, OSU THETA Franche-Comté-Bourgogne, Observatoire de Besançon, BP 1615, F-25010 Besançon Cedex, FranceH. J. Rocha–PintoLaboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia—LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ—20921-400, BrazilM. S. SchultheisUniversité de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, CNRS, Observatoire de Côte d'Azur, Laboratoire Lagrange, F-06304 Nice Cedex 4, FranceAldo SerenelliInstitute of Space Sciences (CSIC-IEEC) Campus UAB, Torre C5 parell 2 Bellaterra, E-08193 SpainN. ShaneDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USAV. Silva AguirreStellar Astrophysics Centre (SAC), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkJennifer SobeckDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USABenjamin ThompsonDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USAT. NicholasDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USADavid H. WeinbergThe Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USAO. Zamora16 Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
2017en
ABI
Аннотация
Abstract The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE), one of the programs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS-III), has now completed its systematic, homogeneous spectroscopic survey sampling all major populations of the Milky Way. After a three-year observing campaign on the Sloan 2.5 m Telescope, APOGEE has collected a half million high-resolution ( R ∼ 22,500), high signal-to-noise ratio (>100), infrared (1.51–1.70 μ m) spectra for 146,000 stars, with time series information via repeat visits to most of these stars. This paper describes the motivations for the survey and its overall design—hardware, field placement, target selection, operations—and gives an overview of these aspects as well as the data reduction, analysis, and products. An index is also given to the complement of technical papers that describe various critical survey components in detail. Finally, we discuss the achieved survey performance and illustrate the variety of potential uses of the data products by way of a number of science demonstrations, which span from time series analysis of stellar spectral variations and radial velocity variations from stellar companions, to spatial maps of kinematics, metallicity, and abundance patterns across the Galaxy and as a function of age, to new views of the interstellar medium, the chemistry of star clusters, and the discovery of rare stellar species. As part of SDSS-III Data Release 12 and later releases, all of the APOGEE data products are publicly available.
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