Обзорная статья

Microstructural and Dynamical Heterogeneities in Ionic Liquids

Yong‐Lei WangDepartment of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, SwedenBin LiSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, P. R. ChinaSten SarmanDepartment of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, SwedenFrancesca MocciDepartment of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, ItalyZhong‐Yuan LuState Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. ChinaJiayin YuanDepartment of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, SwedenAatto LaaksonenCentre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Aleea Grigore Ghica-Voda, 41A, 700487 Iasi, RomaniaM. D. FayerDepartment of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States

2020en

ABI

Аннотация

Ionic liquids (ILs) are a special category of molten salts solely composed of ions with varied molecular symmetry and charge delocalization. The versatility in combining varied cation-anion moieties and in functionalizing ions with different atoms and molecular groups contributes to their peculiar interactions ranging from weak isotropic associations to strong, specific, and anisotropic forces. A delicate interplay among intra- and intermolecular interactions facilitates the formation of heterogeneous microstructures and liquid morphologies, which further contributes to their striking dynamical properties. Microstructural and dynamical heterogeneities of ILs lead to their multifaceted properties described by an inherent designer feature, which makes ILs important candidates for novel solvents, electrolytes, and functional materials in academia and industrial applications. Due to a massive number of combinations of ion pairs with ion species having distinct molecular structures and IL mixtures containing varied molecular solvents, a comprehensive understanding of their hierarchical structural and dynamical quantities is of great significance for a rational selection of ILs with appropriate properties and thereafter advancing their macroscopic functionalities in applications. In this review, we comprehensively trace recent advances in understanding delicate interplay of strong and weak interactions that underpin their complex phase behaviors with a particular emphasis on understanding heterogeneous microstructures and dynamics of ILs in bulk liquids, in mixtures with cosolvents, and in interfacial regions.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00693

Цитирования и источники

Цитирований: 2Использованных источников: 0

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