Статья

Fire Properties of Polystyrene−Clay Nanocomposites

Jin ZhuDepartments of Chemistry and Physics, Marquette University, P.O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, and Fire Science Division, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899Alexander B. MorganDepartments of Chemistry and Physics, Marquette University, P.O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, and Fire Science Division, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899F. J. LamelasDepartments of Chemistry and Physics, Marquette University, P.O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, and Fire Science Division, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899Charles A. WilkieDepartments of Chemistry and Physics, Marquette University, P.O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, and Fire Science Division, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899

2001en

ABI

Аннотация

Polystyrene−clay nanocomposites have been prepared using a bulk polymerization technique. Three new “onium” salts have been used to prepare the nanocomposites, two are functionalized ammonium salts while the third is a phosphonium salt. By TGA/FTIR, both ammonium and phosphonium treatments have been shown to degrade by a Hofmann elimination mechanism at elevated temperatures. TGA/FTIR showed that the phosphonium treatment is the most thermally stable treatment when compared to the two ammonium salts. The nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, strength and elongation at break, as a measure of the mechanical properties, thermogravimetric analysis, and cone calorimetry. The onset temperature of the degradation is increased by about 50 °C and the peak heat release rate is reduced by 27−58%, depending upon the amount of clay that is present. The mass loss rates are also significantly reduced in the presence of the clay.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1021/cm000984r

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