Статья

Organic aerosol components derived from 25 AMS data sets across Europe using a consistent ME-2 based source apportionment approach

Monica CrippaLaboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 PSI Villigen, SwitzerlandFrancesco CanonacoLaboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 PSI Villigen, SwitzerlandV. A. LanzLaboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 PSI Villigen, SwitzerlandMikko ÄijäläDepartment of Physics, P.O. Box 64, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandJ. D. AllanNational Centre for Atmospheric Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UKSamara CarboneAir Quality Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, 00101 Helsinki, FinlandG. CapesSchool of Earth, Atmospheric {&} Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UKDarius ČeburnisSchool of Physics {&} Centre for Climate & Air Pollution Studies, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, IrelandManuel Dall’OstoInstitute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, SpainDouglas A. DayCooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), Boulder, CO, USAP. F. DeCarloLaboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 PSI Villigen, SwitzerlandMikael EhnDepartment of Physics, P.O. Box 64, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandAxel ErikssonDivision of Nuclear Physics, University of Lund, 221 00 Lund, SwedenEvelyn FreneyLaboratoire de MÃ©tÃ©orologie Physique, CNRS-UniversitÃ© Blaise Pascal, UMR6016, 63117, Clermont Ferrand, FranceLea Hildebrandt RuizCenter for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USARisto HillamoAir Quality Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, 00101 Helsinki, FinlandJ. L. JiménezCooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), Boulder, CO, USAHeikki JunninenDepartment of Physics, P.O. Box 64, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandAstrid Kiendler‐ScharrInstitut fÃ¼r Energie- und Klimaforschung: TroposphÃ¤re (IEK 8), Forschungszentrum JÃ¼lich GmbH, JÃ¼lich, GermanyA. KortelainenDepartment of Environmental Science, Univ. of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, FinlandMarkku KulmalaDepartment of Physics, P.O. Box 64, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandAri LaaksonenDepartment of Environmental Science, Univ. of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, FinlandA. A. MensahInstitut fÃ¼r Energie- und Klimaforschung: TroposphÃ¤re (IEK 8), Forschungszentrum JÃ¼lich GmbH, JÃ¼lich, GermanyClaudia MohrLaboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 PSI Villigen, SwitzerlandEiko NemitzCentre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, UKColin O’DowdSchool of Physics {&} Centre for Climate & Air Pollution Studies, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, IrelandJurgita OvadnevaitėSchool of Physics {&} Centre for Climate & Air Pollution Studies, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, IrelandSpyros Ν. PandisInstitute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Patras, 26504, GreeceTuukka PetäjäDepartment of Physics, P.O. Box 64, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandLaurent PoulainLeibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, GermanySanna SaarikoskiAir Quality Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, 00101 Helsinki, FinlandKarine SellegriLaboratoire de MÃ©tÃ©orologie Physique, CNRS-UniversitÃ© Blaise Pascal, UMR6016, 63117, Clermont Ferrand, FranceErik SwietlickiDivision of Nuclear Physics, University of Lund, 221 00 Lund, SwedenPetri TiittaDepartment of Environmental Science, Univ. of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, FinlandDouglas R. WorsnopAerodyne Research, Inc. Billerica, MA, USAUrs BaltenspergerLaboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 PSI Villigen, SwitzerlandAndrê S. H. PrévôtLaboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, PSI Villigen, Switzerland

2014en

ABI

Аннотация

Abstract. Organic aerosols (OA) represent one of the major constituents of submicron particulate matter (PM1) and comprise a huge variety of compounds emitted by different sources. Three intensive measurement field campaigns to investigate the aerosol chemical composition all over Europe were carried out within the framework of the European Integrated Project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality Interactions (EUCAARI) and the intensive campaigns of European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) during 2008 (May–June and September–October) and 2009 (February–March). In this paper we focus on the identification of the main organic aerosol sources and we define a standardized methodology to perform source apportionment using positive matrix factorization (PMF) with the multilinear engine (ME-2) on Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) data. Our source apportionment procedure is tested and applied on 25 data sets accounting for two urban, several rural and remote and two high altitude sites; therefore it is likely suitable for the treatment of AMS-related ambient data sets. For most of the sites, four organic components are retrieved, improving significantly previous source apportionment results where only a separation in primary and secondary OA sources was possible. Generally, our solutions include two primary OA sources, i.e. hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA) and biomass burning OA (BBOA) and two secondary OA components, i.e. semi-volatile oxygenated OA (SV-OOA) and low-volatility oxygenated OA (LV-OOA). For specific sites cooking-related (COA) and marine-related sources (MSA) are also separated. Finally, our work provides a large overview of organic aerosol sources in Europe and an interesting set of highly time resolved data for modeling purposes.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.5194/acp-14-6159-2014

Цитирования и источники

Цитирований: 2Использованных источников: 0

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