Effective transformation of a zero-order Bessel beam into a second-order vortex beam using a uniaxial crystal

The transformation of paraxial and nonparaxial Bessel beams in a crystal of Iceland spar is considered theoretically. Calculation formulae for matching the thickness of the crystal and the parameters of the incident beam required for complete conversion of a circularly polarized zero-order Bessel beam into a second-order vortex beam are obtained. An optical system was designed for investigating the intensity distribution after passage through the crystal. Experimental and theoretical results are in good agreement.

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