Статья

Polyacrylamide degradation and its implications in environmental systems

Boya XiongDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States andRebeca Dettam LossDepartment of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United StatesDerrick ShieldsDepartment of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United StatesTaylor PawlikDepartment of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United StatesRichard HochreiterDepartment of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United StatesAndrew L. ZydneyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United StatesManish KumarDepartment of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States

2018en

ABI

Аннотация

Abstract High molecular weight (10 6 –3 × 10 7 Da) polyacrylamide (PAM) is commonly used as a flocculant in water and wastewater treatment, as a soil conditioner, and as a viscosity modifier and friction reducer in both enhanced oil recovery and high volume hydraulic fracturing. These applications of PAM can result in significant environmental challenges, both in water management and in contamination of local water supplies after accidental spills. This paper provides a short review of current applications of high molecular weight PAM, including the potential for PAM degradation by chemical, mechanical, thermal, photolytic, and biological processes. Methods for treating wastewater containing partially degraded PAM are then discussed along with issues related to the potential toxicity and mobility of PAM in the environment after disposal or accidental release.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1038/s41545-018-0016-8

Цитирования и источники

Цитирований: 2Использованных источников: 0

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