The Zwicky Transient Facility: Science Objectives
M. J. GrahamDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; [email protected]S. R. KulkarniDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; [email protected]E. BellmDIRAC Institute, Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, 3910 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USAS. M. AdamsDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; [email protected]C. BarbarinoThe Oskar Klein Centre & Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, SwedenN. BlagorodnovaDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; [email protected]Dennis BodewitsDepartment of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USABryce BolinB612 Asteroid Institute, 20 Sunnyside Avenue, Suite 427, Mill Valley, CA 94941, USAP. R. BradyCenter for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USAS. B. CenkoAstrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, MC 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAChan-Kao ChangInstitute of Astronomy, National Central University, 32001, TaiwanM. W. CoughlinDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; [email protected]Kishalay DeDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; [email protected]Gwendolyn M. EadieDIRAC Institute, Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, 3910 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USAT. L. FarnhamDepartment of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USAU. FeindtThe Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, SwedenA. FranckowiakDeutsches Elektronensynchrotron, Platanenallee 6, D-15738, Zeuthen, GermanyC. FremlingDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; [email protected]Suvi GezariAstrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, MC 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAS. GhoshCenter for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USAD. A. GoldsteinDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; [email protected]V. Z. GolkhouDepartment of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USAA. GoobarThe Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, SwedenA. Y. Q. HoDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; [email protected]Daniela HuppenkothenDIRAC Institute, Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, 3910 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USAŽeljko IvezićDIRAC Institute, Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, 3910 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USALynne JonesDIRAC Institute, Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, 3910 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USAMario JurićDIRAC Institute, Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, 3910 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USAD. L. KaplanCenter for Gravitation, Cosmology and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USAM. M. KasliwalDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; [email protected]Michael S. P. KelleyDepartment of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USAT. KupferDepartment of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USAChien-De LeeInstitute of Astronomy, National Central University, 32001, TaiwanHsing Wen LinDepartment of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAR. LunnanThe Oskar Klein Centre & Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, SwedenAshish A MahabalCenter for Data Driven Discovery, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAAdam A. MillerCenter for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USAChow‐Choong NgeowInstitute of Astronomy, National Central University, 32001, TaiwanP. NugentComputational Science Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 50B-4206, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAE. O. OfekDepartment of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, IsraelThomas A. PrinceDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; [email protected]L. RauchDeutsches Elektronensynchrotron, Platanenallee 6, D-15738, Zeuthen, GermanyJan van RoestelDepartment of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O.Box 9010, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, The NetherlandsS. SchulzeDepartment of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, IsraelLeo P. SingerAstrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, MC 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAJ. SollermanThe Oskar Klein Centre & Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, SwedenF. TaddiaAlbaNovaLin YanDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; [email protected]Quanzhi YeDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; [email protected]P.-C. YuInstitute of Astronomy, National Central University, 32001, TaiwanTom A. BarlowDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; [email protected]J. BauerDepartment of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USAR. BeckInfrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAJustin BelickiCaltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USARahul BiswasThe Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, SwedenV. BrinnelInstitute of Physics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 124 89 Berlin, GermanyT. Y. BrookeInfrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125, USABrian BueJet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91109, USAMattia BullaThe Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, SwedenRick BurrussCaltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAAndrew J. ConnollyDIRAC Institute, Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, 3910 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USAJohn CromerCaltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAVirginia CunninghamDepartment of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USARichard DekanyCaltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAAlex DelacroixCaltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAVandana DesaiInfrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125, USADmitry A. DuevDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; [email protected]Michael FeeneyCaltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USADavid FlynnInfrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125, USASara FrederickDepartment of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USAA. Gal‐YamDepartment of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot, 76100, IsraelM. GiomiInstitute of Physics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, GermanySteven L. GroomInfrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAEugean HacopiansInfrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125, USADavid HaleCaltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAG. HelouInfrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAJohn HenningCaltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USADavid HoverCaltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USALynne A. HillenbrandDivision of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAJustin HowellInfrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAT. HungDepartment of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USAD. ImelInfrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAWing‐Huen IpInstitute of Astronomy, National Central University, 32001, TaiwanEdward JacksonInfrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAS. KaspiSchool of Physics & Astronomy and Wise Observatory, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, IsraelStephen KayeCaltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAM. KowalskiDeutsches Elektronensynchrotron, Platanenallee 6, D-15738, Zeuthen, GermanyEmily KramerJet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91109, USAMichael A. KuhnDivision of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; [email protected]Walter LandryInfrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125, USARuss R. LaherInfrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAPeter H. MaoCaltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAFrank J. MasciInfrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAS. MonkewitzInfrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAPatrick MurphyFormerly of Caltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAJ. NordinInstitute of Physics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, GermanyMaria T. PattersonDIRAC Institute, Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, 3910 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USABryan E. PenpraseSoka University of America, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656, USAMichael PorterCaltech Optical Observatories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAU. D. RebbapragadaJet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
2019en
ABI
Аннотация
Abstract The Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), a public–private enterprise, is a new time-domain survey employing a dedicated camera on the Palomar 48-inch Schmidt telescope with a 47 deg 2 field of view and an 8 second readout time. It is well positioned in the development of time-domain astronomy, offering operations at 10% of the scale and style of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) with a single 1-m class survey telescope. The public surveys will cover the observable northern sky every three nights in g and r filters and the visible Galactic plane every night in g and r . Alerts generated by these surveys are sent in real time to brokers. A consortium of universities that provided funding (“partnership”) are undertaking several boutique surveys. The combination of these surveys producing one million alerts per night allows for exploration of transient and variable astrophysical phenomena brighter than r ∼ 20.5 on timescales of minutes to years. We describe the primary science objectives driving ZTF, including the physics of supernovae and relativistic explosions, multi-messenger astrophysics, supernova cosmology, active galactic nuclei, and tidal disruption events, stellar variability, and solar system objects.
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